{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T13:51:20Z","timestamp":1776693080629,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Doctoral Grants of the UoI Research Fund"},{"name":"The Technology Development Fund \/ The Icelandic Centre for Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) is a risk factor for several adverse pregnancy outcomes, including macrosomia. Diet is one of the few modifiable risk factors identified. However, most dietary assessment methods are impractical for use in maternal care. This study evaluated whether a short dietary screening questionnaire could be used as a predictor of excessive GWG in a cohort of Icelandic women. The dietary data were collected in gestational weeks 11\u201314, using a 40\u2010item food frequency screening questionnaire. The dietary data were transformed into 13 predefined dietary risk factors for an inadequate diet. Stepwise backward elimination was used to identify a reduced set of factors that best predicted excessive GWG. This set of variables was then used to calculate a combined dietary risk score (range 0\u20135). Information regarding outcomes, GWG (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01,326) and birth weight (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01,651), was extracted from maternal hospital records. In total, 36% had excessive GWG (Icelandic criteria), and 5% of infants were macrosomic (\u22654,500\u00a0g). A high dietary risk score (characterized by a nonvaried diet, nonadequate frequency of consumption of fruits\/vegetables, dairy, and whole grain intake, and excessive intake of sugar\/artificially sweetened beverages and dairy) was associated with a higher risk of excessive GWG. Women with a high (\u22654) versus low (\u22642) risk score had higher risk of excessive GWG (relative risk\u00a0=\u00a01.23, 95% confidence interval, CI [1.002, 1.50]) and higher odds of delivering a macrosomic offspring (odds ratio\u00a0=\u00a02.20, 95% CI [1.14, 4.25]). The results indicate that asking simple questions about women's dietary intake early in pregnancy could identify women who should be prioritized for further dietary counselling and support.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12639","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T07:33:55Z","timestamp":1532331235000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Development of a dietary screening questionnaire to predict excessive weight gain in pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1974-4205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laufey","family":"Hrolfsdottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali University Hospital and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition University of Iceland  Reykjavik Iceland"},{"name":"Department of Education, Science and Quality Akureyri Hospital  Akureyri Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thorhallur I.","family":"Halldorsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali University Hospital and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition University of Iceland  Reykjavik Iceland"},{"name":"Centre for Fetal Programming, Department of Epidemiology Research Statens Serum Institut  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryndis E.","family":"Birgisdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali University Hospital and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition University of Iceland  Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingibj\u00f6rg Th.","family":"Hreidarsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Landspitali University Hospital  Reykjav\u00edk Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hildur","family":"Hardardottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Landspitali University Hospital  Reykjav\u00edk Iceland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland  Reykjav\u00edk Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingibjorg","family":"Gunnarsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali University Hospital and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition University of Iceland  Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2015.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1808"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.104968"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","article-title":"Lifestyle interventions for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes","volume":"5","author":"Brown J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2015.15"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"ACOG issues guidelines on fetal macrosomia. 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