{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T07:15:21Z","timestamp":1781162121010,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]],"date-time":"2019-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008627","name":"Global Affairs Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6289\u201013\u2010400X\u201002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6289\u201013\u2010400X\u201002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008627","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anaemia is a persistent problem among young Burkinabe children, yet population\u2010specific information on its determinants is scant. We used baseline data from an evaluation of Helen Keller International's Enhanced Homestead Food Production Program (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=1210 children) to quantify household\u2010, mother\u2010, and child\u2010level factors associated with anaemia in Burkinabe children aged 6\u201012 months. We used structural equation modelling to assess a theoretical model, which tested four categories of factors: (a) household food security and dietary diversity, (b) household sanitation and hygiene (latrine and poultry access and bednet ownership), (c) maternal factors (anaemia, stress, cleanliness, and health, hygiene and feeding knowledge and practices), and (d) child nutrition and health (iron deficiency (ID), retinol binding protein (RBP), malaria, and inflammation). The model also included household socio\u2010economic status, size, and polygamy; maternal age and education; and child age and sex. Results showed that ID, malaria, and inflammation were the primary direct determinants of anaemia, contributing 15%, 10%, and 10%, respectively. Maternal knowledge directly explained improved child feeding practices and household bednet ownership. Household dietary diversity directly explained 18% of child feeding practices. Additionally, RBP, child age and sex, and maternal anaemia directly predicted child haemoglobin. Our findings suggest that program effectiveness could be increased by addressing the multiple, context\u2010specific contributors of child anaemia. For young Burkinabe children, anaemia control programs that include interventions to reduce ID, malaria, and inflammation should be tested. Other potential intervention entry points suggested by our model include improving maternal knowledge of optimal health, hygiene, and nutrition practices and household dietary diversity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,27]],"date-time":"2019-07-27T18:22:51Z","timestamp":1564251771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Using structural equation modelling to understand the contributors to anaemia among young Burkinabe children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2084-1141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilia","family":"Bliznashka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Washington DC"},{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9580-0320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanne E.","family":"Arsenault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in International and Community Nutrition University of California Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Becquey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Washington DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie T.","family":"Ruel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Washington DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deanna K.","family":"Olney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Washington DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-016-0765-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980016003608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2014.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"Beusenberg M. 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