{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:16:27Z","timestamp":1787015787325,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]],"date-time":"2020-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000200","name":"United States Agency for International Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AID\u2010663\u2010A\u201011\u201000017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AID\u2010663\u2010A\u201011\u201000017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000200","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Young maternal age during pregnancy is linked with adverse birth outcomes. This study examined the role of maternal nutritional status in the association between maternal age and small for gestational age (SGA) delivery and birth length. We used data from a birth cohort study in Ethiopia, involving women who were 15\u201324 years of age and their newborns. A mediation analysis was fitted in a sample of 1,422 mother infant dyads for whom data on birth length were available, and 777 dyads for whom gestational age and birth weight was measured. We used commands,\n                    <jats:italic>medeff<\/jats:italic>\n                    for the mediation analysis and\n                    <jats:italic>medsens<\/jats:italic>\n                    for sensitivity analysis in STATA 14. Maternal nutritional status, measured by mid\u2010upper arm circumference, mediated 21% of the association between maternal age and birth length and 14% of the association with SGA delivery. The average direct effect (ADE) of maternal age on birth length was (\u03b2 = 0.45, 95% CI [0.17, 0.99]) and the average causal mediated effect (ACME) was (\u03b2 = 0.12, 95% CI [0.02, 0.15]). We also found an ADE (\u03b2 = 0.31, 95% CI [0.09, 0.47]) and an ACME of (\u03b2 = 0.05, 95% CI [0.003, 0.205]) of maternal age on SGA delivery. The sensitivity analysis suggests an unmeasured confounder with a positive correlation of 0.15 and 0.20 between the mediator and the outcome could explain the observed ACME for birth length and SGA, respectively. We cannot make strong causal assertions as the findings suggest the mediator partly explained the total effect of maternal age on both outcomes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]],"date-time":"2020-04-30T04:47:38Z","timestamp":1588222058000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Maternal nutritional status mediates the association between maternal age and birth outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8422-1983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulhalik","family":"Workicho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health, Department of Epidemiology Jimma University  Jimma Ethiopia"},{"name":"Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tefera","family":"Belachew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health, Department of Population and Family Health Jimma University  Jimma Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3982-5408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alemayehu","family":"Argaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Institute of Health, Department of Population and Family Health Jimma University  Jimma Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alemzewed","family":"Roba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology Hawassa University  Hawassa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shibani","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghan","family":"Kershaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Tufts University  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Lachat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Kolsteren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxq001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13352"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60988-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60937-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.10220"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","unstructured":"Central Statistical Authority. (2012).Central statistical agency [Ethiopia] and ICF International. 2012. Ethiopia demographic and health survey 2011. Addis Ababa Ethiopia and Calverton Maryland USA: Central Statistical Agency and ICF International. Retrieved from.https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/ethiopia\/ET_2011_EDHS.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2014.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","unstructured":"Cogill B.(2003).Anthropometric indicators measurement guide. Washington DC: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA) Project FHI 360. Retrieved fromfile:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/hp\/Zotero\/storage\/MZUVZR34\/anthropometry\u20102003\u2010ENG%20measurment%20guide.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-139X(96)00174-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00038-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"Federal Ministry Of Health. (2015).National Adolescent and Youth Reproductive Health strategy. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/countryoffice.unfpa.org\/filemanager\/files\/ethiopia\/ayrh_strategy.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9600.1000235"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.2001.0003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000226"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12630"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2012.01290.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.10.594"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2004.40097.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X1201100407"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020761"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/10-STS321"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1732S"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002220"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.029884"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Food superstition, feeding practices and nutritional anthropometry of pregnant women","volume":"11","author":"Maduforo A. N.","year":"2013","journal-title":"JORIND"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-5-79"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31472-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.115915"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-781"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.162.9.828"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5545.91911"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","unstructured":"Tang A. M. Chung M. Dong K. Terrin N. Edmonds A. Assefa N. \u2026Maalouf\u2010Manasseh Z.(2016).Determining a global mid\u2010upper arm circumference cutoff to assess malnutrition in pregnant women. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.fantaproject.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resources\/FANTA-MUAC-cutoffs-pregnant-women-June2016.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","unstructured":"United Nations. (1993).Maternal and child nutrition\u2014SCN news Number 11. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.unscn.org\/layout\/modules\/resources\/files\/scnnews11.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-032315-021402"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","unstructured":"WHO. (2005). Nutrition in adolescence: issues and challenges for the health sector: issues in adolescent health and development. (WHO discussion papers on adolescence). Retrieved fromfile:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/hp\/Desktop\/new%20references%202nd%20paper\/WHO%20paper%20adolescent.pdf"}],"container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmcn.13015","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mcn.13015","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/mcn.13015","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1111%2Fmcn.13015","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mcn.13015","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T06:35:05Z","timestamp":1698734105000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/mcn.13015"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/mcn.13015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.13015","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1740-8695","1740-8709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1740-8695","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-8709","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-04-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13015"}}