{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T21:50:15Z","timestamp":1775166615846,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004828","name":"Grand Challenges Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R\u2010SB\u2010POC\u20101707\u201009583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R\u2010SB\u2010POC\u20101707\u201009583"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children born preterm, low birth weight (LBW) or with other perinatal risk factors are at high\u2010risk of malnutrition. Regular growth monitoring and early intervention are essential to promote optimal feeding and growth; however, monitoring growth in preterm infants can be complex. This study evaluated growth monitoring of infants under 6 months enrolled in Paediatric Development Clinics (PDCs) in rural Rwanda. We reviewed electronic medical records (EMR) of infants enrolled in PDCs before age 2 months with their first visit between January 2015 and December 2016 and followed them until age 6 months. Nurse classification of anthropometric measures and nutritional status were extracted from the EMR. Interval growth and length\u2010for\u2010age, weight\u2010for\u2010length, and weight\u2010for\u2010age z\u2010scores were calculated using World Health Organization anthropometry software as a \u2018gold standard\u2019 comparison to nurse classifications. Two hundred and ninety\u2010four patients enrolled and had 2,033 visits during the study period. Referral reasons included prematurity\/LBW (73.8%) and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (28.2%). Nurses assessed interval growth at 58.7% of visits, length\u2010for\u2010age at 66.4%, weight\u2010for\u2010length at 65.6% and weight\u2010for\u2010age at 66.4%. Nurses and gold standard assessment agreed on interval growth at 53.3% of visits and length\u2010for\u2010age at 63.7%, weight\u2010for\u2010length at 78.2% and weight\u2010for\u2010age at 66.3%. At 6 months, 46.5% were stunted, 19.9% were wasted and 44.2% were underweight. There were significant challenges to optimizing growth and growth monitoring among high\u2010risk infants served by PDCs, including incomplete and inaccurate assessments. Developing tools for clinician decision support in assessing growth and providing specialized nutritional counselling are essential to supporting optimal outcomes in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T11:14:57Z","timestamp":1591874097000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Nutritional evaluation and growth of infants in a Rwandan neonatal follow\u2010up clinic"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Bradford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Global Health Delivery University of Global Health Equity  Kigali Rwanda"},{"name":"Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7407-9418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Global Health Delivery University of Global Health Equity  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alphonse","family":"Nshimyiryo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Global Health Delivery University of Global Health Equity  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Mutaganzwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Global Health Delivery University of Global Health Equity  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silas","family":"Havugarurema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirehe District Hospital Ministry of Health of Rwanda  Kirehe Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patient","family":"Ngamije","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirehe District Hospital Ministry of Health of Rwanda  Kirehe Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alphonsine","family":"Uwamahoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirehe District Hospital Ministry of Health of Rwanda  Kirehe Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9103-2611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine M.","family":"Kirk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Global Health Delivery University of Global Health Equity  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1983-1447.2015.02.48427"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24452","DOI":"10.3386\/w24452","volume-title":"Mortality from Nestl\u00e9's marketing of infant formula in low and middle\u2010income countries","author":"Anttila\u2010Hughes J. 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