{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T02:29:35Z","timestamp":1790216975915,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005945","name":"Izumi Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005945","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Homestead food production (HFP) programmes improve the availability of vegetables by providing training in growing nutrient\u2010dense crops. In rural Tanzania, most foods consumed are carbohydrate\u2010rich staples with low micronutrient concentrations. This cluster\u2010randomized controlled trial investigated whether women growing home gardens have higher dietary diversity, household food security or probability of consuming nutrient\u2010rich food groups than women in a control group. We enrolled 1,006 women of reproductive age in 10 villages in Pwani Region in eastern Tanzania, split between intervention (INT) and control (CON) groups. INT received (a) agricultural training and inputs to promote HFP and dietary diversity and (b) nutrition and public health counselling from agricultural extension workers and community health workers. CON received standard services provided by agriculture and health workers. Results were analysed using linear regression models with propensity weighting adjusting for individual\u2010level confounders and differential loss to follow up. Women in INT consumed 0.50 (95% CI [0.20, 0.80],<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.001) more food groups per day than women in CON. Women in INT were also 14 percentage points (95% CI [6, 22],<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.001) more likely to consume at least five food groups per day, and INT households were 6 percentage points (95% CI [\u221213, 0],<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.059) less likely to experience moderate\u2010to\u2010severe food insecurity compared with CON. This home gardening intervention had positive effects on diet quality and food security after 1 year. Future research should explore whether impact is sustained over time as well as the effects of home garden interventions on additional measures of nutritional status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,26]],"date-time":"2020-11-26T12:39:53Z","timestamp":1606394393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Home gardening improves dietary diversity, a cluster\u2010randomized controlled trial among Tanzanian women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5915-099X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mia M.","family":"Blakstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Mosha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ifakara Health Institute Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra L.","family":"Bellows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chelsey R.","family":"Canavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarvis T.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Killian","family":"Mlalama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ifakara Health Institute Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramadhani A.","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1559-9143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joyce","family":"Kinabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science Technology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honorati","family":"Masanja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ifakara Health Institute Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2908-600X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wafaie W.","family":"Fawzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition Harvard T. H. 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