{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:12:12Z","timestamp":1791763932825,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009843","name":"South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant women are advised to take folic acid (FA) supplements before conception and during the first trimester of pregnancy. Many women continue FA supplementation throughout pregnancy, and concerns have been raised about associations between excessive FA intake and adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) is found in serum after high FA intakes and is proposed as a biomarker for excessive FA intake. We aimed to determine if removing FA from prenatal micronutrient supplements after 12 weeks of pregnancy reduces serum UMFA concentrations at 36 weeks gestation. In this double\u2010blind, randomized controlled trial conducted in South Australia, 103 women with a singleton pregnancy were randomly assigned at 12\u201316 weeks gestation to take a micronutrient supplement containing no\u00a0FA or 800\u2009\u00b5g\/day FA from enrollment until 36 weeks gestation. Ninety women (0\u2009\u00b5g\/day FA <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200946; 800\u2009\u00b5g\/day FA <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200944) completed the study. Mean, UMFA concentration was lower in the women randomized to the 0\u2009\u00b5g\/day group compared to the 800\u2009\u00b5g\/day FA group, 0.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7 and 1.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.7 nmol\/L, respectively. The adjusted mean difference (95% CI) in UMFA between the groups was [\u20100.85 (\u22121.62, \u22120.08) nmol\/L, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03]. Maternal serum and red blood cell folate concentrations were lower in the 0\u2009\u00b5g\/day FA group than in the 800\u2009\u00b5g\/day group (median 23.2 vs. 49.3 and\u00a01335 vs. 1914\u2009nmol\/L, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Removing FA at 12\u201316 weeks gestation from prenatal micronutrient supplements reduced the concentration of UMFA at 36 weeks gestation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]],"date-time":"2024-05-24T03:49:05Z","timestamp":1716522545000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Maternal serum unmetabolized folic acid concentration following multivitamin and mineral supplementation with or without folic acid after 12 weeks gestation: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Dian C.","family":"Sulistyoningrum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SAHMRI Women and Kids Theme South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAHMRI Women and Kids Theme South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences The University of Adelaide  South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Skubisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAHMRI Women and Kids Theme South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra J.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute University of Western Australia Nedlands Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences Curtin University Perth Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Food, Nutrition and Health Program University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"InovoBiologic Inc. Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per Magne","family":"Ueland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bevital AS, Laboratoriebygget Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"McCann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bevital AS, Laboratoriebygget Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Makrides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAHMRI Women and Kids Theme South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAHMRI Women and Kids Theme South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"College of Nursing and Health Sciences Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7653-5074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen P.","family":"Best","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAHMRI Women and Kids Theme South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences The University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199911113412001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.10.29.20222588"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199911113412006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g4554"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199212243272602"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530210052030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007950.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"Gibson R. 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