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Age\u2010appropriate lipid\u2010based nutrient supplements and health education (sessions conducted in the households) were given to pregnant women and their born children (6\u201323 months) in the intervention arm (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200940 clusters) versus health education only in the control arm (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200940 clusters) to evaluate its effect on child development. The first and second developmental assessments were completed at ~24 months (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009689) and ~32 months (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009608), respectively, using the Caregiver\u2010Reported Early Development Instrument Long form. The overall and domain\u2010specific (motor, language, cognitive and socio\u2010emotional) scores were computed with higher scores indicating better child development. Higher development scores, including overall (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.14, 0.65; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002), cognitive (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.27, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.45; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002), motor (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.39, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.56; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and language (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.33, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.51; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) were reported for children who received the intervention compared to the control arm at first developmental assessment. However, the effect was not sustained after the discontinuation of the intervention. The LNS received by the mothers (during pregnancy and first 6 months after delivery) and by children during 6\u201323 months of age was beneficial for the children. The trial is registered in the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Registry (ID: ISRCTN94319790) on December 11, 2017.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T14:29:46Z","timestamp":1727274586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effectiveness of lipid\u2010based nutrient supplementation during the first 1000 days of life for early childhood development: A community\u2010based trial from Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ayesha","family":"Imtiaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health &amp; Social Sciences Khyber Medical University Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zia","family":"ul Haq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health &amp; Social Sciences Khyber Medical University Peshawar Pakistan"},{"name":"Institute of Health &amp; Wellbeing University of Glasgow Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suhail A. 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