{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T22:36:04Z","timestamp":1780353364160,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp;amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>The human milk content of some micronutrients including thiamine depends on maternal status, and if low, breastfed infants are at risk of deficiency. Thiamine deficiency remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality among infants in Asia. We aimed to explore correlations between maternal thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) or erythrocyte transketolase activation coefficient (ETKac) and human milk thiamine concentration (MTh) and between MTh and infant ThDP or ETKac among breastfed infants &lt;\u20096 months of age in northern Lao PDR. Hospitalized infants (aged \u2265\u200921 days) with symptoms suggestive of thiamine deficiency were eligible. Infants in a community comparison group were matched by age, sex and residence. Venous whole blood ThDP and MTh were determined by HPLC\u2010FLD, and ETKac in washed erythrocytes by UV spectrophotometry. Associations between biomarkers were assessed using Spearman's <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic> correlations and linear regression. Among all women combined (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009489), the prevalence of ThDP &lt;\u200995\u2009nmol\/L was 78.5%, elevated ETKac (&gt;\u20091.25) 52.6%, and low MTh (&lt;\u200990\u2009\u00b5g\/L) 45.4%. Maternal ThDP was moderately correlated with MTh (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.50) and ETKac was strongly correlated with MTh (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.71). Among all infants combined (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009359), the prevalence of ThDP &lt;\u200995\u2009nmol\/L was 79.2% and elevated ETKac (&gt;\u20091.25) 50.2%. MTh was moderately correlated with infant ThDP concentration (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.39) and with infant ETKac (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.52). Maternal thiamine status predicts the thiamine concentration in human milk, and thiamine status of breastfed infants &lt;\u20096 months of age depends on the thiamine provided through this milk. Effective interventions are needed to improve maternal and infant thiamine status and wellbeing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03626337.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.70027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T01:54:31Z","timestamp":1744336471000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Thiamine Concentration in Human Milk Is Correlated With Maternal and Infant Thiamine Status: A Cross\u2010Sectional Analysis of the Lao Thiamine Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4661-277X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonja Y.","family":"Hess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Nutrition and Department of Nutrition University of California Davis Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles D.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Nutrition and Department of Nutrition University of California Davis Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9543-6461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taryn J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay H.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Nutrition and Department of Nutrition University of California Davis Davis California USA"},{"name":"USDA\u2010Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0288-7680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Hampel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Nutrition and Department of Nutrition University of California Davis Davis California USA"},{"name":"USDA\u2010Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center Davis California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerry S.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damon A.","family":"Parkington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah R.","family":"Meadows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalaphone","family":"Sitthideth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute Vientiane Lao People's Democratic Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sengchanh","family":"Kounnavong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute Vientiane Lao People's Democratic Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.111.001172"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzab116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Guide to Anthropometry: A Practical Tool 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Y. T. J.Smith andC. D.Arnold.2024. \u201cLao Thiamine Study. Open Science Framework.\u201dhttps:\/\/osf.io\/jfke3."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2024.103786"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-036539"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"Reference Values for Whole Blood Thiamine and Thiamine Phosphate Esters in Japanese Adults","volume":"28","author":"Ihara H.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Bio\u2010Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14547"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-006-0161-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.099077"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0198590"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20041153"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000456328201900111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2024.113961"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14536"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2022.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13273"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036280"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/46.5.704"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","first-page":"4653","article-title":"Guidance on the Preparation and Presentation of the Notification and Application for Authorisation of Traditional Foods From Third Countries in the Context of Regulation (EU) 2015\/2283","volume":"14","author":"Turck D.","year":"2016","journal-title":"EFSA Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","volume-title":"Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline","author":"US Institute of Medicine","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01024-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","unstructured":"Whitfield K. C.2025.Thiamine Principles of Nutritional Assessment 3rd ed.https:\/\/nutritionalassessment.org\/thiamine\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2008. Indicators for Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices. World Health Organization."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","volume-title":"Thiamine Deficiency And Its Prevention and Control in Major Emergencies","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","volume-title":"Indicators for Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices: Definitions And Measurement Methods","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","volume-title":"Infant and Young Child Feeding","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"}],"container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mcn.70027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T05:04:00Z","timestamp":1756530240000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/mcn.70027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/mcn.70027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.70027","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1740-8695","1740-8709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1740-8695","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-8709","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70027"}}