{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:45:55Z","timestamp":1792057555803,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp;amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>This study explores the risk of delayed psychomotor development (PMD) in children treated for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The present research is a sub\u2010study of the EfRAMAS clinical trial conducted in health zones in the province of Kasa\u00ef Oriental. Children aged 6\u201359 months with SAM according to WHO criteria and no congenital malformations affecting child development were enrolled in the study. The risk of delayed psychomotor development was assessed among repeated cross\u2010sectional samples of children at admission, discharge and 6 months after recovery, using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ3). Mixed\u2010effects linear regression with health center as random intercept was performed to identify potential predictors of the risk of psychomotor delay in children. A total of 413 children were included at admission, 143 at discharge and 581 at 6 months post\u2010discharge. At admission, the risk of delayed psychomotor development was greatest in the domains of fine motor skills (21.3%), gross motor skills (23.7%) and problem solving (21.5%). At discharge, the risk of delay was considerably reduced, with 0% risk of delay in communication, while the three most affected domains hovered around 2%. At 6 months post\u2010discharge, the risk of delay in gross motor skills and problem\u2010solving was still present in over 10% of children. Age, sex, MUAC\u2009&lt;\u2009115\u2009mm or WHZ\u2009&lt;\u2009\u22123 as admission criteria, breastfeeding, episodes of illness during treatment, measles vaccination, mother's education level, and living in a female\u2010headed household were predictors of the risk of psychomotor development delay. Globally, gross and fine motor skills and problem solving were the domains most affected for children with SAM. Regarding our findings, we recommend investing in the integration of children's psychosocial stimulation within the undernutrition management care pathway by trained health care workers, as well as in caregivers' parental skills.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Network (ISRCTN15258669). Registered 25\/01\/2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.70232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T19:44:08Z","timestamp":1784144648000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predictors of Psychomotor Developmental Delay Among Under\u2010Five Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition in a Food Insecure Setting in DRC: Exploratory Analysis of Children From EfRAMAS Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0624-7189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julien","family":"Ntaongo Alendi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicin University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine Le","family":"Roch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Service, Expertise and Advocacy Department Action Against Hunger Montreuil France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alemayehu","family":"Argaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food technology, Safety, and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Gent University Gent Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Salpeteur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Analysis, and Learning Service, Expertise and Advocacy Department Action Against Hunger Montreuil France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Claire","family":"Muyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3355-7449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steve","family":"Botomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Baptiste","family":"Mayavanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Nutrition Program Ministry of Public Health Kinshasa DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aim\u00e9e","family":"Mupuala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University Clinics, University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence Mbiya","family":"Muadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Psychiatry Unit, Neuropsychopathology Centre University of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Mampunza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Psychiatry Unit, Neuropsychopathology Centre University of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","article-title":"Le D\u00e9veloppement Psychologique De La Premi\u00e8re Enfance, Pr\u00e9sentation D'une \u00c9chelle Fran\u00e7aise Pour Examen Des Tout Petits","author":"Alain G.","year":"1952","journal-title":"Population"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.70024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004606"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2016.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2023.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.1787"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.10160"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"Elba F. 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