{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:46:28Z","timestamp":1792057588246,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":84,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp;amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Childhood undernutrition remains a major public health challenge in sub\u2010Saharan Africa (SSA), despite global progress. This review evaluated the effectiveness of community\u2010based interventions for treating undernutrition among children aged 6\u201359 months in SSA. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to August 2024, without language restrictions. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster RCTs evaluating community\u2010based nutrition\u2010specific or nutrition\u2010sensitive interventions were included. Primary outcomes were weight gain, height\/length gain, and mid\u2010upper arm circumference (MUAC). Secondary outcomes were recovery, mortality, and micronutrient status. Forty\u2010eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions included therapeutic and supplementary feeding, dietary and micronutrient supplementation, disease management, breastfeeding and complementary feeding, and multisectoral approaches. Across the evidence base, nutrition\u2010specific therapeutic feeding interventions, particularly lipid\u2010based nutrient supplements (LNS), ready\u2010to\u2010use therapeutic foods (RUTF), and ready\u2010to\u2010use supplementary foods (RUSF), were most consistently associated with improvements in weight gain, MUAC, and recovery. Height gains were observed less consistently, and micronutrient outcomes were infrequently reported. Four comparable studies were eligible for a network meta\u2010analysis (NMA) comparing LNS, corn\u2010soy blend (CSB), and controls. Within this limited evidence network, LNS was associated with greater short\u2010term improvements than controls in weight (+174\u2009g; 95% CI 121\u2013227), height (+0.32\u2009cm; 0.04\u20130.60), and MUAC (+0.12\u2009cm; 0.05\u20130.19), and with greater improvements than CSB in weight (+90\u2009g; 29\u2013150) and MUAC (+0.11\u2009cm; 0.06\u20130.17) (moderate\u2010certainty evidence). Community\u2010based nutrition interventions improve anthropometric outcomes among undernourished children in SSA. Although the NMA suggested a potential benefit of LNS over CSB and controls for short\u2010term anthropometric outcomes, the evidence was limited to four studies. Standardised outcome reporting and longer\u2010term evaluations are needed to strengthen the evidence base and inform context\u2010specific intervention design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.70252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:39:16Z","timestamp":1790163556000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Community\u2010Based Interventions for Childhood Undernutrition in Sub\u2010Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Network Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1536-7054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francis P.","family":"Riwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6858-9710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark A.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Evidence\u2010Based Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2903-6616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazi Mizanur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federation University NewMed School of Medicine Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6250-8008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew A.","family":"Mushi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Sciences and Humanities Dar es Salaam Campus College Mzumbe University Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1453-4447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069807"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.091546"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.71573"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0699"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01821-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.119537"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2013.15.120.2535"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v106.i02"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2025.112852"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(13)60996-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2017.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuy068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cl2.1082"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2007.00124.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.8.1320"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601126"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00562-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002387"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182096"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18157844"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"271","article-title":"Protein\u2010Energy Malnutrition: The Role of Nutrition Education in Rehabilitation","volume":"40","author":"Glatthaar I. 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