{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:48:33Z","timestamp":1788871713923,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,31]],"date-time":"2014-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":244,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"name":"Moredun Research Institute"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014969","name":"Royal Zoological Society of Scotland","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014969","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Medical Research Council","award":["MR\/L015080\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/L015080\/1"]}]},{"name":"Wellcome Trust"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Environmental pollution often accompanies the expansion and urbanization of human populations where sewage and wastewaters commonly have an impact on the marine environments. Here, we explored the potential for faecal bacterial pathogens, of anthropic origin, to spread to marine wildlife in coastal areas. The common zoonotic bacterium\n                    <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    was isolated from grey seals (\n                    <jats:italic>Halichoerus grypus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), an important sentinel species for environmental pollution, and compared to isolates from wild birds, agricultural sources and clinical samples to characterize possible transmission routes.\n                    <jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                    was present in half of all grey seal pups sampled (24\/50 dead and 46\/90 live pups) in the breeding colony on the Isle of May (Scotland), where it was frequently associated with histological evidence of disease. Returning yearling animals (19\/19) were negative for\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\u00a0jejuni\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    suggesting clearance of infection while away from the localized colony infection source. The genomes of 90 isolates from seals were sequenced and characterized using a whole\u2010genome multilocus sequence typing (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MLST<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) approach and compared to 192 published genomes from multiple sources using population genetic approaches and a probabilistic genetic attribution model to infer the source of infection from\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MLST<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    data. The strong genotype\u2010host association has enabled the application of source attribution models in epidemiological studies of human campylobacteriosis, and here assignment analyses consistently grouped seal isolates with those from human clinical samples. These findings are consistent with either a common infection source or direct transmission of human\n                    <jats:italic>campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    to grey seals, raising concerns about the spread of human pathogens to wildlife marine sentinel species in coastal areas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,22]],"date-time":"2014-11-22T06:07:41Z","timestamp":1416636461000},"page":"208-221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Evidence of land\u2010sea transfer of the zoonotic pathogen\n                    <i>Campylobacter<\/i>\n                    to a wildlife marine sentinel species"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Johanna L.","family":"Baily","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Moredun Research Institute Pentlands Science Park Bush Loan Penicuik EH26 0PZ UK"},{"name":"SeaMammal Research Unit University of St Andrews Fife KY16 8LB UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"M\u00e9ric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine Institute of Life Science Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sion","family":"Bayliss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine Institute of Life Science Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scottish Rural College Inverness IV2 4JZ UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon E.","family":"Moss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SeaMammal Research Unit University of St Andrews Fife KY16 8LB UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moredun Research Institute Pentlands Science Park Bush Loan Penicuik EH26 0PZ UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6376-5121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ben","family":"Pascoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine Institute of Life Science Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK"},{"name":"MRC CLIMB Consortium Institute of Life Science Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Mikhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine Institute of Life Science Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Pizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Zoological Society of Scotland Edinburgh EH12 6TS UK"},{"name":"Scottish SPCA National Wildlife Rescue Centre Fishcross FK10 3AN UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Goldstone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8TA UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G. E.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moredun Research Institute Pentlands Science Park Bush Loan Penicuik EH26 0PZ UK"},{"name":"Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8TA UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Willoughby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moredun Research Institute Pentlands Science Park Bush Loan Penicuik EH26 0PZ UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ailsa J.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SeaMammal Research Unit University of St Andrews Fife KY16 8LB UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel K.","family":"Sheppard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine Institute of Life Science Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP UK"},{"name":"MRC CLIMB Consortium Institute of Life Science Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP 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