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In venomous predators, this can include venom composition, particularly if predators are specialized on dangerous prey. Here, we performed an integrative study using six species of highly specialized ant\u2010eating spiders of the genus <jats:italic>Zodarion<\/jats:italic> to investigate their phylogeny, realized trophic niche, efficacy in the capture of various ant species and venom composition. Data on natural diet obtained by next\u2010generation sequencing and field observations showed that the six <jats:italic>Zodarion<\/jats:italic> species exploit different ant species. Their phylogeny, based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes, correlated with the composition of their natural prey, indicating that closely related <jats:italic>Zodarion<\/jats:italic> species specialize on similar ant species. Prey\u2010capture parameters differed among <jats:italic>Zodarion<\/jats:italic> species suggesting prey\u2010specific efficacy. Similarly, the venom profiles of both low and high molecular compounds differed among species. Only the profiles of low molecular compounds were correlated with capture efficacy parameters, suggesting that the venom of <jats:italic>Zodarion<\/jats:italic> spiders contains prey\u2010specific components. Our study suggests that Iberian <jats:italic>Zodarion<\/jats:italic> spiders are specialized on particular ant species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.14485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,20]],"date-time":"2018-01-20T02:36:38Z","timestamp":1516415798000},"page":"1053-1064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Trophic niche, capture efficiency and venom profiles of six sympatric ant\u2010eating spider species (Araneae: Zodariidae)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0197-5040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stano","family":"Pek\u00e1r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lenka","family":"Petr\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ondrej","family":"\u0160edo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Proteomics, CEITEC \u2013 Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"},{"name":"National Centre for Biomolecular Research Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stanislav","family":"Korenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agroecology and Biometeorology Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zbyn\u011bk","family":"Zdr\u00e1hal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Proteomics, CEITEC \u2013 Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"},{"name":"National Centre for Biomolecular Research Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evv109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2009.0048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2001.tb01370.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Revision of the genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1833 in the Iberian peninsula and Balearic islands (Araneae, Zodariidae)","volume":"69","author":"Bosmans R.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eos"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2002.tb00132.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2012.10.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO98048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A guide to ants of continental Portugal (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","volume":"5","author":"Collingwood C. 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