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However, despite the promise of technological advances in sequencing, application of genome\u2010wide data to endangered populations remains uncommon. In the present study we pursued a holistic conservation\u2010genomic approach to inform a field\u2010based management programme of a Critically Endangered species, the Siamese crocodile\n                    <jats:italic>Crocodylus siamensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Using thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms from throughout the genome, we revealed signals of introgression from two other crocodile species within our sample of both wild and captive\u2010bred Siamese crocodiles from Cambodia. Our genetic screening of the Siamese crocodiles resulted in the subsequent re\u2010introduction of 12 individuals into the wild as well as the selection of four individuals for captive breeding programmes. Comparison of intraspecific genetic diversity revealed an alarmingly low contemporary effective population size in the wild (&lt;50) with evidence of a recent bottleneck around Tonle Sap Lake. We also projected a probable future extinction in the wild (within fewer than five generations) in this population in the absence of re\u2010introduction efforts. However, an increase in the number of potential breeders through re\u2010introductions, including the one resulting from this project, could counter this trend. Our results have been implemented in ongoing re\u2010introduction and captive breeding programmes, with major implications for the conservation management of Siamese crocodiles, and provide a blueprint for the rescue effort of other \u201cterminally ill\u201d populations of critically endangered species.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.15023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,19]],"date-time":"2019-01-19T15:09:59Z","timestamp":1547910599000},"page":"936-950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Conservation genomics in the fight to help the recovery of the critically endangered Siamese crocodile\n                    <i>Crocodylus<\/i>\n                    <i>siamensis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4423-3127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Balaji","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3510-3408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kritika M.","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun Jing","family":"Soo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel W.","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jackson L.","family":"Frechette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fauna &amp; Flora International (FFI) Cambodia Programme Phnom Penh Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8946-7085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank E.","family":"Rheindt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.094052.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"Alexander D. 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