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Until now, this species was thought to have originated in continental Africa, and subsequently colonized much of the world following the establishment of global trade routes. However, populations of this mosquito on the islands in the southwestern Indian Ocean (SWIO), where the species occurs with its nearest relatives referred to as the Aegypti Group, have received little study. We re\u2010evaluated the evolutionary history of<jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>and these relatives, using three data sets: nucleotide sequence data, 18,489 SNPs and 12 microsatellites. We found that: (a) the Aegypti Group diverged 16\u00a0MYA (95% HPD: 7\u201328\u00a0MYA) from its nearest African\/Asian ancestor; (b) SWIO populations of<jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>are basal to continental African populations; (c) after diverging 7\u00a0MYA (95% HPD: 4\u201315\u00a0MYA) from its nearest formally described relative (<jats:italic>Ae. mascarensis<\/jats:italic>),<jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>moved to continental Africa less than 85,000\u00a0years ago, where it recently (&lt;1,000\u00a0years ago) split into two recognized subspecies<jats:italic>Ae. aegypti formosus<\/jats:italic>and a human commensal,<jats:italic>Ae. aegypti aegypti<\/jats:italic>; (d) the Madagascar samples form a clade more distant from all other<jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>than the named species<jats:italic>Ae. mascarensis<\/jats:italic>, implying that Madagascar may harbour a new cryptic species; and (e) there is evidence of introgression between<jats:italic>Ae. mascarensis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic>on R\u00e9union, and between the two subspecies elsewhere in the SWIO, a likely consequence of recent introductions of domestic<jats:italic>Ae. aegypti aegypti<\/jats:italic>from Asia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.15590","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,28]],"date-time":"2020-08-28T07:45:08Z","timestamp":1598600708000},"page":"3593-3606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Genetic evidence for the origin of<i>Aedes aegypti<\/i>, the yellow fever mosquito, in the southwestern Indian Ocean"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4469-2072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Soghigian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University New Haven CT USA"},{"name":"Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5401-3988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Gloria\u2010Soria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University New Haven CT USA"},{"name":"Center for Vector Biology &amp; Zoonotic Diseases Department of Environmental Sciences The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Robert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MIVEGEC Unit IRD Montpellier Univ. CNRS Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert","family":"Le Goff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MIVEGEC Unit IRD Montpellier Univ. CNRS Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna\u2010Bella","family":"Failloux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur Arboviruses and Insect Vectors Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey R.","family":"Powell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14086"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/033.046.0204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syx060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/162.4.2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.13762"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-017-0890-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003537"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/0013-8746(2004)097[0130:ICBTIS]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.12281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2010.2469"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13742-015-0047-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Aedes aegypti: The yellow fever mosquito","author":"Christophers R.","year":"1960"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1172873"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","volume-title":"The biology of mosquitoes, volume 1: Development, nutrition and reproduction","author":"Clements A. 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