{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T04:02:17Z","timestamp":1792814537563,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DEB 1638872"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEB 1638872"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000202","name":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000202","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Emerging infectious diseases in wildlife species caused by pathogenic fungi are of growing concern, yet crucial knowledge gaps remain for diseases with potentially large impacts. For example, there is detailed knowledge about host pathology and mechanisms underlying response for chytridiomycosis in amphibians and white\u2010nose syndrome in bats, but such information is lacking for other more recently described fungal infections. One such disease is ophidiomycosis, caused by the fungus\n                    <jats:italic>Ophidiomyces ophidiicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which has been identified in many species of snakes, yet the biological mechanisms and molecular changes occurring during infection are unknown. To gain this information, we performed a controlled experimental infection in captive Prairie rattlesnakes (\n                    <jats:italic>Crotalus viridis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) with\n                    <jats:italic>O.\u2009ophidiicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    at two different temperatures: 20 and 26\u00b0C. We then compared liver, kidney, and skin transcriptomes to assess tissue\u2010specific genetic responses to\n                    <jats:italic>O.\u2009ophidiicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Given previous histopathological studies and the fact that snakes are ectotherms, we expected highest fungal activity on skin and a significant impact of temperature on host response. Although we found fungal activity to be localized on skin, most of the differential gene expression occurred in internal tissues. Infected snakes at the lower temperature had the highest host mortality whereas two\u2010thirds of the infected snakes at the higher temperature survived. Our results suggest that ophidiomycosis is likely a systemic disease with long\u2010term effects on host response. Our analysis also identified candidate protein coding genes that are potentially involved in host response, providing genetic tools for studies of host response to ophidiomycosis in natural populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.17210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T20:18:29Z","timestamp":1701116309000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Genetic mechanisms and biological processes underlying host response to ophidiomycosis (snake fungal disease) inferred from tissue\u2010specific transcriptome analyses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6446-5718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samarth","family":"Mathur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Ohio Biodiversity Conservation Partnership The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0033-0304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Epidemiology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign  Urbana Illinois USA"},{"name":"Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study University of Georgia  Athens Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9067-1964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Allender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Epidemiology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign  Urbana Illinois USA"},{"name":"Brookfield Zoo, Chicago Zoological Society  Brookfield Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7461-3393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H. Lisle","family":"Gibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"},{"name":"Ohio Biodiversity Conservation Partnership The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365\u20102435.13487"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201030709\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638715573983"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1712.110240"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.funeco.2015.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240415"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2004.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090\u20103558\u201044.3.716"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862\u2010019\u20101435\u2010y"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"279","article-title":"Case definition and diagnostic testing for snake fungal disease","volume":"50","author":"Baker S. 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