{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T07:20:01Z","timestamp":1787815201067,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32200368"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32200368"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32322012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32322012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2021QC229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2021QC229"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The classic East Asia\u2013Eastern North America (EA\u2010ENA) disjunction, well\u2010documented in temperate plants, is typically attributed to the fragmentation of once\u2010continuous high\u2010latitude ranges by climatic cooling and regional extinction. Whether this model extends to insects, particularly aquatic groups, remains largely untested with genomic data. Here, we integrate whole\u2010genome sequencing, ddRAD\u2010seq and morphology with phylogenetic, phylogeographic, genotype\u2013environment association (GEA) and niche modelling analyses to reconstruct the origin and diversification of the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Aquarius conformis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    species group (Hemiptera: Gerridae). Phylogenomic and demographic analyses reject a simple widespread\u2010ancestor vicariance scenario, instead supporting an East Asian origin followed by intercontinental dispersal to North America and subsequent divergence at approximately 460\u2009ka, with no detectable post\u2010divergence gene flow. The two continental lineages exhibit deep genetic divergence, marked body size differentiation and contrasting demographic histories, with precipitation seasonality (BIO15) emerging as the primary climatic axis separating their niches. GEA identifies candidate SNPs along this axis that map to conserved growth\u2010regulating pathways (Hippo, mTOR, FoxO, Toll and Imd), suggesting a genomic basis for environment\u2010associated divergence. Within East Asia, the widespread species\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A. elongatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    comprises four phylogeographic lineages that diverged sequentially during the Pleistocene, accompanied by climate\u2010associated allele\u2010frequency variation and successful colonisation of highly heterogeneous environments. Collectively, our results reveal an alternative route to the EA\u2010ENA disjunction, specifically source\u2010area dispersal rather than relictual fragmentation, and demonstrate that post\u2010isolation evolution in this system involves hydroclimatic differentiation, candidate pathways linked to growth and stress response, and lineage\u2010specific demographic trajectories. This study provides a rare insect\u2010based test of the EA\u2010ENA disjunction and offers an integrative framework for linking biogeographic origin to post\u2010isolation trait evolution in aquatic organisms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.70533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T05:12:17Z","timestamp":1787721137000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How Did a Size\u2010Divergent Water Strider Species Group Exhibiting an East Asia\u2013Eastern North America Disjunction Originate and Diversify?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Zai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Zaozhuang University  Zaozhuang Shandong China"},{"name":"Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences Nankai University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0165-3882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Pintar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environment Florida International University  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mu","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences Nankai University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences Nankai University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7010-4401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siying","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Damgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum  Copenhagen \u00d8 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayue","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences Nankai University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0647-0164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjun","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences Nankai University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juanjuan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Zaozhuang University  Zaozhuang Shandong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2327-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences Nankai University  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Semiaquatic Bugs (Hemiptera, Gerromorpha): Phylogeny, Adaptations, Biogeography and Classification","volume":"3","author":"Andersen N. 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