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Here, we leverage museum specimens to reconstruct the invasion of\n                    <jats:italic>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Bd), a fungal panzootic driving global amphibian biodiversity loss, across historically enigmatic declines in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain Bd's historical dynamics in this region: long\u2010term enzootic persistence versus recent epizootic invasion coinciding with declines. Using molecular screening, histopathology, and genotyping of museum and modern specimens, we find no evidence of Bd infection prior to the decline, followed by widespread infection immediately thereafter. Only the global panzootic lineage (Bd\u2010GPL) was detected during the first year of post\u2010decline sampling, implicating its invasion in driving regional losses. Infection prevalence varied among species following the decline, likely reflecting species\u2010specific interactions between baseline susceptibility and ecological exposure risk. Contemporary host populations exhibit more uniform prevalence regardless of decline history, consistent with the evolution of pathogen tolerance under enzootic conditions. Together, these results provide the first site\u2010specific evidence linking Bd\u2010GPL invasion to enigmatic amphibian declines in Brazil and demonstrate the power of museum collections for resolving detection lag dynamics in emerging infectious diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mec.70573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T08:01:35Z","timestamp":1791964895000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Overcoming Detection Lag in a Cryptic Panzootic: Chytrid Invasion Linked to Historically Enigmatic Amphibian Declines in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6182-2505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jack L.","family":"Boyette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology The Pennsylvania State University  University Park Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian\u2019s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute Smithsonian Institution  Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7300-2777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamilie","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"},{"name":"Institute for Global Change Biology, School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0239-0498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Texas State University  San Marcos Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4563-5248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wesley J.","family":"Neely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Texas State University  San Marcos Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5217-6353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School for Field Studies Center for Tropical Island Biodiversity Studies  Bocas del Toro Panama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8733-290X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato A.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biodiversity, Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), and CBioClima, I.B. 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