{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T13:14:50Z","timestamp":1788441290874,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,20]],"date-time":"2014-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deans Office of the Hamburg Medical Faculty"},{"name":"Federal German Ministry of Education and Research"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["asmepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Education"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Increasing numbers of educational institutions in the medical field choose to replace their conventional admissions interviews with a multiple mini\u2010interview (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) format because the latter has superior reliability values and reduces interviewer bias. As the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      format can be adapted to the conditions of each institution, the question of under which circumstances an\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      is most expedient remains unresolved. This article systematically reviews the existing\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      literature to identify the aspects of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      design that have impact on the reliability, validity and cost\u2010efficiency of the format.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three electronic databases (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OVID<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , PubMed, Web of Science) were searched for any publications in which\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s and related approaches were discussed. Sixty\u2010six publications were included in the analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty studies reported reliability values. Generally, raising the number of stations has more impact on reliability than raising the number of raters per station. Other factors with positive influence include the exclusion of stations that are too easy, and the use of normative anchored rating scales or skills\u2010based rater training. Data on criterion\u2010related validities and analyses of dimensionality were found in 31 studies. Irrespective of design differences, the relationship between\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      results and academic measures is small to zero. The McMaster University\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      predicts in\u2010programme and licensing examination performance. Construct validity analyses are mostly exploratory and their results are inconclusive. Seven publications gave information on required resources or provided suggestions on how to save costs. The most relevant cost factors that are additional to those of conventional interviews are the costs of station development and actor payments.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      literature provides useful recommendations for reliable and cost\u2010efficient\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      designs, but some important aspects have not yet been fully explored. More theory\u2010driven research is needed concerning dimensionality and construct validity, the predictive validity of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s other than those of McMaster University, the comparison of station types, and a cost\u2010efficient station development process.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.12535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,20]],"date-time":"2014-11-20T22:36:23Z","timestamp":1416522983000},"page":"1157-1175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Multiple mini\u2010interviews: same concept, different approaches"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Mirjana","family":"Knorr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Centre Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf Hamburg 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