{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:30:33Z","timestamp":1791286233992,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,3]],"date-time":"2014-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Remodeling of the maternal uterine vasculature during pregnancy is a unique cardiovascular process that occurs in the adult and results in significant structural and functional changes in large and small arteries and veins, and in the creation of the placenta\u2014a new fetomaternal vascular organ. This expansive, hypertrophic process results in increases in both lumen circumference and length, and is effected through a combination of tissue and cellular hypertrophy, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle hyperplasia, and matrix remodeling. This review summarizes what is currently known about the time course and extent of the remodeling process, and how local vs. systemic factors influence its genesis. The main focus is on upstream maternal vessels rather than spiral artery changes, although the latter are considered from the overall hemodynamic perspective. We also consider some of the underlying mechanisms and provide a hypothetical scenario that integrates our current knowledge. Abrogation of this adaptive vascular process is associated with several human gestational pathologies such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), which not only raise the risk of infant mortality and morbidity but are also a significant source of maternal mortality and susceptibility to cardiovascular and other diseases for both mother and neonate later in life.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]],"date-time":"2013-08-14T04:26:49Z","timestamp":1376454409000},"page":"38-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":155,"title":["Maternal Uterine Vascular Remodeling During Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Osol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington Vermont USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorna G.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1990.259.3.C484"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvn050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.301.6761.1111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000313874"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"H851","article-title":"Arterial expansive remodeling induced by high flow rates","volume":"272","author":"Ben Driss A","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(01)01787-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.91046.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2004.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000082976"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00090.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.155812"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70464-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(94)90102-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2011.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/382734"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/3.5.467"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136317"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"613","article-title":"Maternal hemodynamics and uteroplacental blood flow throughout gestation in conscious rats","volume":"19","author":"Dowell RT","year":"1997","journal-title":"Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000254684.80662.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00490.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2006.089"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719108329816"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1974.393550x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719109340927"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00623-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200211000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2013.766705"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00519.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00164.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90945.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199705000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.117187"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y96-082"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3941904"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1211275"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-008-0306-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(86)80157-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2011.00793.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-0634fje"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00029.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00618.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00701.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2008.2408"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","first-page":"H2264","article-title":"Estrogen replacement attenuates resistance artery adrenergic sensitivity via endothelial vasodilators","volume":"272","author":"Meyer MC","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02183.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(03)00169-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(83)80024-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00588583"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00592748"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(75)90131-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00596184"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1987.62.1.158","article-title":"Increased HVR in pregnancy: relationship to hormonal and metabolic changes","volume":"62","author":"Moore LG","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.5.406"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000200963"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD11208"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(12)90924-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90519-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00033.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.127599"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","first-page":"1000","article-title":"Quantitative estimation of human uterine artery blood flow and pelvic blood flow redistribution in pregnancy","volume":"80","author":"Palmer SK","year":"1992","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","first-page":"H1699","article-title":"Structural properties of rat mesenteric small arteries after 4\u2010week exposure to elevated or reduced blood flow","volume":"273","author":"Pourageaud F","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(79)90353-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052273"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2243011513"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2009.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2006.7.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.1999.0487"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-3623(02)00135-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(77)90493-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.06.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.3.611"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60327-009-0_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00565"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hy1101.095008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.105910"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.112.300334"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90834-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.2001.281.3.H1380"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000255962"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.033985"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.044438"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00593.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00806.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01238.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.159137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.091008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.130708"}],"container-title":["Microcirculation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmicc.12080","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/micc.12080","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T13:44:37Z","timestamp":1694526277000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/micc.12080"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/micc.12080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/micc.12080","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-9688","1549-8719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-9688","type":"print"},{"value":"1549-8719","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}}}