{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T08:06:49Z","timestamp":1772438809187,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,27]],"date-time":"2016-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81272146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81272146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to explore the structural and functional characteristics of dermal lymphatic capillaries in patients with chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content>, specifically focused on the mural cells that are associated with skin lymphatics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010four patients (30 primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content> and 14 secondary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content>) and eight healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Genetic analysis of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FOXC<\/jats:styled-content>2 was performed in 18 patients with primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content>. Full\u2010thickness skin was excised and immunohistologically stained for podoplanin and \u03b1\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content>. The proportions of \u03b1\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> Lv (\u03b1\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> Lv%) were calculated. Lymphatic vascular function was assessed by indocyanine green lymphography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FOXC<\/jats:styled-content>2 revealed two mutations in two patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LD<\/jats:styled-content>s. Histologically, thirty\u2010nine patients exhibited increased \u03b1\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> mural cell coverage of lymphatic capillaries. The \u03b1\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SMA<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> Lv% values in the superficial and deep dermis in patients with primary and secondary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content> were significantly higher than in the control group. Compared with imaging findings in healthy limbs, in which the collecting lymphatics were clearly visualized, lymphedematous extremities all exhibited dermal backflow.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abnormal recruitment of mural cells in dermal lymphatic capillaries is a common pathological event in chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LE<\/jats:styled-content>, and may play a role in disease evolution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,25]],"date-time":"2016-07-25T20:22:41Z","timestamp":1469478161000},"page":"495-502","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Abnormal mural cell recruitment in lymphatic capillaries: a common pathological feature in chronic lymphedematous skin?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Zi\u2010You","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lymphology Centre of Department of 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