{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:29:41Z","timestamp":1753878581748,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]],"date-time":"2018-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fluid and protein continuously transude from the surface of the liver. Despite a common understanding that transudation plays a critical role in hepatic interstitial and peritoneal fluid balance, transudation from the entire liver has not been studied. Therefore, the goal of the present work was to provide the first direct measurement of the hepatic transudation rate and transudation barrier properties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transudation rates were determined by collecting transudate from the entire liver. Hydraulic conductivity, and fluid transudation and protein reflection coefficients of the transudation barrier (formed by the subscapular interstitial matrix, capsule, and peritoneum) were determined from changes in fluid and protein transudation rates in response to hepatic venous pressure elevation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following hepatic venous pressure elevation from 6.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.9 to\u00a011.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.6\u00a0mm Hg, transudation rate increased from 0.13\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.03 to 0.37\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.03 mL\/min\u00b7100\u00a0g. Transudation barrier hydraulic conductivity, fluid transudation and protein reflection coefficients (3.9\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.7\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\u00a0mL\/min\u00b7mm Hg\u00b7cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, 0.36\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04\u00a0mL\/min\u00b7mm Hg, and 0.09\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.03, respectively) were comparable to those reported for hepatic sinusoids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Taken together, these findings suggest that the hepatic transudation barrier is highly permeable at elevated sinusoidal pressures. These fundamental studies provide a better understanding of the hepatic transudation barrier properties and transudation under conditions that are physiologically and clinically relevant to ascites formation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,19]],"date-time":"2017-10-19T08:52:42Z","timestamp":1508403162000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hepatic transudation barrier properties"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5513-993X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranjeet M.","family":"Dongaonkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Michael E. DeBakey Institute for Comparative Cardiovascular Science and Biomedical Devices Texas A&amp;M University  College Station TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randolph H.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Michael E. DeBakey Institute for Comparative Cardiovascular Science and Biomedical Devices Texas A&amp;M University  College Station TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Quick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Michael E. DeBakey Institute for Comparative Cardiovascular Science and Biomedical Devices Texas A&amp;M University  College Station TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen L.","family":"Uray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Chemistry Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Charles S.","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery The University of Texas Medical School  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glen A.","family":"Laine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Physiology &amp; Pharmacology Michael E. DeBakey Institute for Comparative Cardiovascular Science and Biomedical Devices Texas A&amp;M University  College Station TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2007.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20681"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.66.239"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.66.317"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"535","article-title":"The origin of ascites in experimental cirrhosis in the rat","volume":"41","author":"Gibson JB","year":"1962","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.45.3.317"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1963.43.1.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1959.197.3.681","article-title":"Changes in liver function and structure due to experimental passive congestion under controlled hepatic vein pressures","volume":"197","author":"Brauer RW","year":"1959","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1981.61.3.556"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-2862(79)90017-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365517309082428"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1864","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.2000.279.4.H1864","article-title":"Protein washdown as a defense mechanism against myocardial edema","volume":"279","author":"Stewart RH","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.26.6.697"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"1519","volume-title":"Handbook of Physiology, The Gastrointestinal System, Motility and Circulation","author":"Greenway CV","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"897","article-title":"The effect of oral feedings of meat and glucose on hepatic vein wedge pressure in normal and cirrhotic subjects","volume":"51","author":"Castleman L","year":"1958","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(90)90117-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080335"},{"volume-title":"Ascites","year":"2013","author":"Henriksen JH","key":"e_1_2_6_19_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.4.1579","article-title":"Liquid drainage through the peritoneal diaphragmatic surface","volume":"66","author":"Miserocchi G","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"453","article-title":"The role of the diaphragm in lymphatic absorption from the peritoneal cavity","volume":"186","author":"Abu\u2010Hijleh MF","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700820111"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1085094"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-23202"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1990.69.2.625","article-title":"Transperitoneal fluid dynamics in rabbit liver","volume":"69","author":"Negrini D","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-013-0516-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-12-26"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.1997.sp004000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(58)90330-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)31010-8","article-title":"Colloid osmotic pressure: theoretical aspects and background","volume":"9","author":"Webster HL","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00097.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1999.277.3.H1215"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1228","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1999.277.3.H1228","article-title":"Transport of fluid and solutes in the body II. Model validation and implications","volume":"277","author":"Gyenge CC","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","first-page":"467","volume-title":"Handbook of Physiology, The Cardiovascular System, Microcirculation","author":"Taylor AE","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1993.73.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.1974.sp002275"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","first-page":"375","volume-title":"Handbook of Physiology, The Cardiovascular System, Microcirculation","author":"Michel CC","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1988.sp017275"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H728","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1991.261.3.H728","article-title":"Analysis of lymphatic protein flux data. V. Unique PS products and \u03c3 dS at low lymph flows","volume":"261","author":"Reed RK","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1408","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1997.273.3.H1408","article-title":"Basic determinants of epicardial transudation","volume":"273","author":"Stewart RH","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1990.69.2.438"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1999.79.3.703"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-508302-7.50013-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1991.71.6.2543"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00342.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00354.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H430","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1980.238.4.H430","article-title":"Estimation of the filtration coefficient in intact dog lungs","volume":"238","author":"Drake RE","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.56.4.862","article-title":"Filtration coefficient obtained by stepwise pressure elevation in isolated dog lung","volume":"56","author":"Ehrhart IC","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1988.sp017026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvq062"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1980.48.3.438","article-title":"Comparison of microvascular filtration characteristics in isolated and intact lungs","volume":"48","author":"Morriss AW","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","first-page":"1352","article-title":"Measurement of capillary filtration coefficient in a solid tumor","volume":"51","author":"Sevick EM","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2396","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.73.6.2396","article-title":"Alterations of filtration coefficients in pulmonary edema of different pathogenesis","volume":"73","author":"Koch T","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365518009091956"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-3-215"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R208","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1985.248.2.R208","article-title":"Cardiovascular responses to elevation of intra\u2010abdominal hydrostatic pressure","volume":"248","author":"Barnes GE","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"}],"container-title":["Microcirculation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmicc.12424","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/micc.12424","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T13:22:35Z","timestamp":1695820955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/micc.12424"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/micc.12424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/micc.12424","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-9688","1549-8719"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1073-9688"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1549-8719"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"article-number":"e12424"}}