{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T07:54:15Z","timestamp":1787298855270,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian National Health & Medical Research Council, Canberra Australia","award":["571012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["571012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Microvascular changes in microvascular angina are poorly understood due to difficulties in imaging the coronary microcirculation in vivo. The retinal microvasculature may reflect changes in coronary microcirculation. We assessed microvascular changes in the retina in patients with microvascular angina and compared them with patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed retinal photography and coronary angiography on 915 patients. Retinal vessel calibers were measured using a validated computer\u2010assisted method; coronary artery disease was graded from coronary angiograms. Microvascular angina was defined as angina with &lt;25% stenosis in all coronary epicardial arteries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 139 patients (15.2%) had microvascular angina, while 776 (84.8%) had coronary artery disease. Participants with microvascular angina and coronary artery disease had similar retinal arteriolar and venular calibers. After adjustment for age, ethnicity, mean arterial pressure, diabetes, current smoking, body mass index, and fellow vessel caliber, women with smaller venules were threefold more likely to have microvascular angina than women with larger venules (multivariable\u2010adjusted odds ratio 3.54, 95% confidence interval 1.35 to 9.24, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). This difference was not observed in men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Microvascular angina in women was associated with microvascular changes distinct from those in coronary artery disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]],"date-time":"2019-02-13T12:40:45Z","timestamp":1550061645000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Retinal microvascular changes in microvascular angina: Findings from the Australian Heart Eye Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7422-0012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerald","family":"Liew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vision Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vision Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Chiha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Heart Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J. H.","family":"Plant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vision Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vision Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nichole","family":"Joachim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vision Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vision Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales 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Institute for Medical Research University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales 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