{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:52:59Z","timestamp":1777942379684,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006041","name":"Innovate UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81153\u2010511300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81153\u2010511300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Improving perfusion under the skin can potentially reduce ulceration and amputation risk in people with diabetic foot. Localized pressure stimulation has been proven capable of improving skin perfusion in the scalp but its effectiveness for the foot has not been tested. In this study, localized pressure stimulation was realized using flexible turf\u2010like structures (TLS) with dense vertical fibers and their ability to increase perfusion was assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The skin in the rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot of nine healthy volunteers was stimulated using two TLS with different stiffness and one wound filler material that generated a uniform compression. Changes in perfusion were assessed using laser speckle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mechanical stimulation significantly increased perfusion in the forefoot and midfoot areas with the TLS achieving higher and more long\u2010lasting increase compared to the wound filler. The stiffer of the two TLS appeared to be the most effective for the forefoot achieving a significant increase in perfusion that lasted for 25.5\u00a0seconds immediately after stimulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this study indicate that localized pressure stimulation is more effective compared to uniform compression for improving skin perfusion in the healthy foot. Further research in people with diabetic foot disease is needed to verify the clinical value of the observed effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,11]],"date-time":"2019-03-11T01:45:10Z","timestamp":1552268710000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Localized pressure stimulation using turf\u2010like structures can improve skin perfusion in the foot"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5580-4178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Behforootan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery &amp; Cancer Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London London UK"},{"name":"Centre for Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Technologies Staffordshire University Stoke\u2010on\u2010Trent UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1580-0225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis E.","family":"Chatzistergos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Technologies Staffordshire University Stoke\u2010on\u2010Trent UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7072-1271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nachiappan","family":"Chockalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Technologies Staffordshire University Stoke\u2010on\u2010Trent UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4948-6086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aoife","family":"Healy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Technologies Staffordshire University Stoke\u2010on\u2010Trent UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2998-2883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roozbeh","family":"Naemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Technologies Staffordshire University Stoke\u2010on\u2010Trent UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anonymous.State of the nation: England 2013;2013:1\u201032.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315031491-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"KerrM.Foot care in diabetes: the human and financial cost[homepage on the Internet];2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcl140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.7.1036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124739"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.12.2863"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475x.1999.00007.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BurnsS JanYK.Diabetic foot ulceration and amputation. In:KimCT ed.Rehabilitation Medicine.Croatia:InTech Publisher;2012:1\u201020.","DOI":"10.5772\/48003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.1004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734606292281"},{"issue":"30","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Assessment of foot perfusion in patients with a diabetic foot ulcer","volume":"32","author":"Forsythe RO","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3400\/avd.oa08029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(97)70062-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2003.10.0159"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/49\/17\/009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.790500"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1549-8719.2011.00129.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.763730"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20060247"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2014.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.35661"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2013.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181c82e1f"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","first-page":"689","article-title":"Effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on skin blood perfusion in patients with diabetic foot: randomized controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"Ibrahim M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10255840600747620"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JTEHM.2015.2504961"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AndoT TakedaM MaruyamaT SusukiY HiroseT FujiokaS et al.Biosignal\u2010based relaxation evaluation of head\u2010care robot.Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.2013;6732\u20106735.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2013.6611101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","first-page":"e8","article-title":"Standardized scalp massage results in increased hair thickness by inducing stretching forces to dermal papilla cells in the subcutaneous tissue","volume":"16","author":"Koyama T","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eplasty"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2011.0301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2010.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164117707706"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201700069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7547\/1000258"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2017.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-017-1918-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2011.01420.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(02)00090-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734606292037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.4.1214"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.3.721"}],"container-title":["Microcirculation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmicc.12543","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/micc.12543","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/micc.12543","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/micc.12543","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T22:56:44Z","timestamp":1694213804000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/micc.12543"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/micc.12543"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/micc.12543","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-9688","1549-8719"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-9688","type":"print"},{"value":"1549-8719","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-05-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-03-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e12543"}}