{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:15:53Z","timestamp":1787015753847,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,10]],"date-time":"2020-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physical activity may provide a means for the prevention of cardiovascular disease via improving microvascular function. Therefore, this study investigated whether physical activity is associated with skin and retinal microvascular function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In The Maastricht Study, a population\u2010based cohort study enriched with type 2 diabetes (n\u00a0=\u00a01298, 47.3% women, aged 60.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.1\u00a0years, 29.5% type 2 diabetes), we studied whether accelerometer\u2010assessed physical activity and sedentary time associate with skin and retinal microvascular function. Associations were studied by linear regression and adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, we investigated whether associations were stronger in type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In individuals with type 2 diabetes, total physical activity and higher\u2010intensity physical activity were independently associated with greater heat\u2010induced skin hyperemia (regression coefficients per hour), respectively, 10 (95% CI: 1; 18) and 36 perfusion units (14; 58). In individuals without type 2 diabetes, total physical activity and higher\u2010intensity physical activity were not associated with heat\u2010induced skin hyperemia. No associations with retinal arteriolar %\u2010dilation were identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher levels of total and higher\u2010intensity physical activity were associated with greater skin microvascular vasodilation in individuals with, but not in those without, type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]],"date-time":"2020-01-30T02:27:20Z","timestamp":1580351240000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Higher levels of daily physical activity are associated with better skin microvascular function in type 2 diabetes\u2014The Maastricht Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Ben M.","family":"S\u00f6rensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Maastricht University Medical Center+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1131-2184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank C.T.","family":"van der Heide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Maastricht University Medical Center+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfons J.H.M.","family":"Houben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Maastricht University Medical Center+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Koster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Social Medicine Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tos","family":"T.J.M. 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Schouten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Eye Clinic Maastricht Maastricht University Medical Center+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham A.","family":"Kroon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Maastricht University Medical Center+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla J.H.","family":"van der Kallen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Maastricht University Medical Center+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald M.A.","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Maastricht University Medical Center+ Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center Maastricht University Medical Center+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martien C.J.M","family":"van Dongen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"J.P.M. Eussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans.","family":"H.C.M. 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