{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:50:42Z","timestamp":1779929442369,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["29841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["29841"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["85768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["85768"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sphingosine\u20101\u2010phosphate is a natural metabolite that is cardioprotective, but its effects on endothelial glycocalyx damage during ischemia\u2010reperfusion are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effect of sphingosine\u20101\u2010phosphate on the endothelial glycocalyx during ischemia\u2010reperfusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Isolated hearts from Wistar rats were perfused on a Langendorff system with Krebs\u2010Henseleit buffer and pretreated with sphingosine\u20101\u2010phosphate (10\u00a0nmol\/L) before ischemia\u2010reperfusion. Infarct size was measured by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining (n\u00a0\u2265\u00a06 per group). Cardiac edema was assessed by calculating total water content (n\u00a0=\u00a07 per group) and histologically quantifying the interstitial compartment (n\u00a0\u2265\u00a03 per group). The post\u2010ischemic coronary release of syndecan\u20101 was quantified using ELISA. Syndecan\u20101 immunostaining intensity was assessed in perfusion\u2010fixed hearts (n\u00a0\u2265\u00a03 per group).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pretreatment with sphingosine\u20101\u2010phosphate decreased infarct size in isolated hearts subjected to ischemia\u2010reperfusion (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.01 vs ischemia\u2010reperfusion). However, sphingosine\u20101\u2010phosphate had no effect on syndecan\u20101 levels in the coronary effluent or on the intensity of the syndecan\u20101 immunostaining signal in cardiac tissue. Heart total water content was not significantly different between control and ischemic groups but was significantly decreased in hearts treated with sphingosine\u20101\u2010phosphate alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest that sphingosine\u20101\u2010phosphate\u2010induced cardioprotection against ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury is not mediated by the maintenance of syndecan\u20101 in the endothelial glycocalyx.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T23:57:01Z","timestamp":1580774221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The effect of sphingosine\u20101\u2010phosphate on the endothelial glycocalyx during ischemia\u2010reperfusion injury in the isolated rat 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