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Our recent study indicated that adrenergic nerve\u2010dependent functional sympathetic\u2010sensory nerve interactions were abolished by MP in mesenteric arteries. However, the effect of MP on perivascular nerves and cerebral blood flow remains unclear. In this study, the increase in basilar arterial blood flow (BABF) after the topical application of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry in anesthetized rats. The choline (a selective \u03b17\u2010nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist)\u2010induced increase in BABF was abolished by tetrodotoxin (a neurotoxin), N<jats:sup>G<\/jats:sup>\u2010nitro\u2010L\u2010arginine (a nonselective NO synthase inhibitor), \u03b1\u2010bungarotoxin (a selective \u03b17\u2010nicotinic acetylcholine receptor inhibitor), and chronic sympathetic denervation. In addition, the nicotine (a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist)\u2010induced increase in BABF was inhibited by MP in a concentration\u2010dependent manner. The acetylcholine\u2010induced increase in BABF was not affected by MP. The myography results revealed that nicotine\u2010induced vasorelaxation was significantly inhibited by MP, but was reversed by chelerythrine (a protein kinase C inhibitor). MP\u2010induced vasodilation was significantly greater in BA rings without endothelium compared to those with endothelium. Meanwhile, MP did not affect baseline BABF. Our results indicate that MP acts as a neuromodulator in the cerebral circulation where it activates the PKC pathway and causes a diminished nicotine\u2010induced increase in blood flow in the brainstem, and that the vasorelaxation effect of MP may play a minor role.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T04:25:17Z","timestamp":1613622317000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Methyl palmitate modulates the nicotine\u2010induced increase in basilar arterial blood flow"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Hsu","family":"Chun\u2010Kai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology Department of Surgery Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital The Buddhist Medical Foundation  New Taipei 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