{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T05:06:58Z","timestamp":1764997618934,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effects of HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) on microvascular function are poorly explored. We compared retinal vessel functional responses to flicker light\u2010induced provocation (FLIP) in people living with HIV (PLWH) and people living without HIV (PLWoutH).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 115 PLWH and 51 PLWoutH with a median age of 41\u2009years. Treated PLWH received similar first\u2010line fixed\u2010dose combination ART. Clinical characteristics and retinal vessels functional responses to FLIP were compared in (a) PLWH and PLWoutH; and (b) PLWH groups stratified by the median of (i) CD4\u2010count (511\u2009cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>), (ii) viral load (50 copies\/mL), and (iii) ART duration (57.6\u2009months).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>PLWH were older, smoked more, and had a lower prevalence of hypertension than PLWoutH (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Almost 64% of PLWH were infected for more than 5\u2009years. Retinal vessel responses to FLIP were similar between PLWH and PLWoutH after taking confounders into account. In addition, PLWH subgroups stratified according to immuno\u2010virological status by CD4\u2010count, viral load, and ART duration showed no differences in retinal vessel responses to FLIP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Living with HIV and receiving ART were not associated with altered microvascular function as assessed with dynamic retinal vessel analysis in a South African case\u2013control study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T16:40:21Z","timestamp":1722962421000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Retinal Vessel Functional Responses in South Africans Living With and Without HIV: The EndoAfrica\u2010NWU 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