{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T07:16:13Z","timestamp":1770275773881,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000041","name":"American Diabetes Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11\u201022\u2010IBSPM\u201012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11\u201022\u2010IBSPM\u201012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY008126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY008126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY029693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY029693"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY023397"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY023397"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop a reliable method to generate a mouse model of branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) using laser\u2010induced thrombosis of a major artery in the mouse retina. Also, to develop a reliable method to detect retinal hypoxia as predictive biomarker for the risk of neuronal cell damage in BRAO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A reliable and reproducible model of laser\u2010induced BRAO was developed in mouse retina using Rose Bengal. To characterize retinal hypoxia in BRAO, pimonidazole immunostaining and HYPOX\u20104 molecular imaging methods were used. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) was used to characterize neuronal cell damage in the BRAO retina. Expression of mRNA in retinal tissues from BRAO and age\u2010matched control retinas were analyzed using qRT\u2010PCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Occlusion of a branch retinal artery near the optic nerve head (ONH) caused a pattern of retinal tissue hypoxia covering about 12.5% of the entire retina. TUNEL\u2010positive cells were localized in all layers in BRAO retinal tissue cross sections. In addition, qRT\u2010PCR data analysis suggests that BRAO is associated with both inflammation and hypoxia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides a reliable method for BRAO in mouse retina and demonstrates the utility of molecular imaging method to detect retinal hypoxia as predictive biomarker for the risk of neuronal cell damage in BRAO. In addition, our data suggest that BRAO retinas are associated with inflammation and also associated with hypoxia\u2010related neuronal cell damage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Perspectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Imaging areas of retinal hypoxia may provide accurate diagnosis, evaluating retinal tissue injury from BRAO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.12883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T16:40:23Z","timestamp":1725036023000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Imaging Hypoxia to Predict Primary Neuronal Cell Damage in Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Sara\u00a0Z.","family":"Jamal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Vanderbilt University School of Medicine  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blake\u00a0W.","family":"Dieckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Vanderbilt University School of Medicine  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary\u00a0W.","family":"McCollum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Vanderbilt University School of Medicine  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John\u00a0S.","family":"Penn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Vanderbilt University School of Medicine  Nashville Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Vanderbilt University School of Medicine  Nashville Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Vanderbilt University School of Medicine  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashwath","family":"Jayagopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Opus Genetics  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5611-9666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"MD","family":"Imam\u00a0Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Vanderbilt University School of Medicine  Nashville Tennessee USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2014.04.001"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Branch Retinal\u2010Artery Obstruction\u2014A Review of 201 Eyes","volume":"21","author":"Ros M. 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