{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T15:15:56Z","timestamp":1778598956112,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767052800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alters laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG)\u2010detectable choroidal microvascular dynamics: mean blur rate (MBR, blood flow) and beat strength over MBR (BOM, microvascular resistance). We also investigated whether such changes emerge even when cardio\u2010ankle vascular index (CAVI)\u2010assessed large\u2010artery stiffness remains unchanged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 17 right eyes of 17 men with prostate cancer. Serum testosterone, CAVI, and choroidal parameters (MBR, BOM) were obtained at baseline and 6\u2009months post\u2010ADT. Central choroidal thickness (CCT) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) were also recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum testosterone significantly decreased (4.45\u2009\u00b1\u20091.96 to 0.20\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08\u2009ng\/mL;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) after 6\u2009months. Choroidal BOM increased significantly (0.94\u2009\u00b1\u20090.31 to 1.11\u2009\u00b1\u20090.31;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028), whereas CAVI (10.70\u2009\u00b1\u20091.28 to 10.68\u2009\u00b1\u20091.19), choroidal MBR (8.46\u2009\u00b1\u20094.50 to 7.89\u2009\u00b1\u20093.48), CCT, and OPP did not change significantly.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Choroidal BOM increased significantly during the initial 6\u2009months of ADT, indicating higher microvascular resistance despite stable choroidal blood flow and unchanged large artery stiffness. This supports a \u201cmicrocirculation\u2010first\u201d model. LSFG\u2010derived BOM may serve as a biomarker for early detection and monitoring of microcirculatory dysfunction under systemic testosterone suppression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.70048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T13:35:55Z","timestamp":1767101755000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Choroidal Microcirculation Assessed Using Laser Speckle Flowgraphy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9806-0268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryuya","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Toho University Sakura Medical Center  Chiba 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