{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:23:15Z","timestamp":1787836995905,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG073634\u201001A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG073634\u201001A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microcirculation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Microvascular dysfunction contributes to foot complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and peripheral artery disease (PAD), yet has been characterized primarily in non\u2010plantar regions. We evaluated microvascular reactivity and oxygenation at ulcer\u2010prone plantar sites and responses to combined heat therapy and intermittent pneumatic compression (HT\u2009+\u2009IPC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty adults \u2265\u200950\u2009years (Control\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920, T2D\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200911, PAD with or without T2D\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20099) were studied. Plantar hallux CVC (laser Doppler flux\/MAP) and forefoot StO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (near\u2010infrared spectroscopy) were measured during local heating and reactive hyperemia. Responses to 60\u2010min HT\u2009+\u2009IPC were evaluated using the contralateral foot as a control.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At the plantar hallux, the increase in %CVCmax from baseline to the initial peak was attenuated in PAD compared with controls and T2D (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), whereas plateau responses were similar. At the forefoot, PAD showed faster deoxygenation during ischemia and slower reoxygenation during reactive hyperemia (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). During HT\u2009+\u2009IPC, popliteal blood flow increased similarly across groups; however, plantar StO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      increased in controls and T2D but remained below baseline in PAD (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These preliminary findings indicate impaired plantar microvascular function in a heterogeneous PAD cohort, most of whom also had T2D. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/micc.70078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T10:43:18Z","timestamp":1785321798000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Plantar Foot Microvascular Reactivity and Oxygenation in Type 2 Diabetes and Peripheral Artery Disease: An Exploratory Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Josi","family":"Gallo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John Martinson Honors College Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Martinson Honors College Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana 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