{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:48:01Z","timestamp":1791287281508,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]],"date-time":"2013-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Controlling the spread of antimalarial drug resistance, especially resistance of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>lasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> to artemisinin\u2010based combination therapies, is a high priority. Available data indicate that, as with other microorganisms, the spread of drug\u2010resistant malaria parasites is limited by fitness costs that frequently accompany resistance. Resistance\u2010mediating polymorphisms in malaria parasites have been identified in putative drug transporters and in target enzymes. The impacts of these polymorphisms on parasite fitness have been characterized <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and in animal models. Additional insights have come from analyses of samples from clinical studies, both evaluating parasites under different selective pressures and determining the clinical consequences of infection with different parasites. With some exceptions, resistance\u2010mediating polymorphisms lead to malaria parasites that, compared with wild type, grow less well in culture and in animals, and are replaced by wild type when drug pressure diminishes in the clinical setting. In some cases, the fitness costs of resistance may be offset by compensatory mutations that increase virulence or changes that enhance malaria transmission. However, not enough is known about effects of resistance mediators on parasite fitness. A better appreciation of the costs of fitness\u2010mediating mutations will facilitate the development of optimal guidelines for the treatment and prevention of malaria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,31]],"date-time":"2013-07-31T08:59:54Z","timestamp":1375261194000},"page":"1025-1038","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":135,"title":["The interplay between drug resistance and fitness in malaria parasites"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California  San Francisco CA 94143 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/382509"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.6.2180-2188.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2319"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0327"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-222"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2013.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir486"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00954-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20020957"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00546-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/648594"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1215966"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.113.5.1033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05943-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2008.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/606009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00091-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200565010-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.105163.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67176-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808859"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61924-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.20.2210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(00)00201-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01914.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiq036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2012.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01813"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2007.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61270-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04035.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(05)00077-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.324319"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/345255a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000332747"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03660.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2012.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-S3-S2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.57.1.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.10.3940-3943.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00968-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04470.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12162"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01243-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00875-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67787-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1104063108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1217452110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2010.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.8.2100-2108.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/375419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600681"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01304-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-1348(02)00039-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msh205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00321-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59259-111-6:15"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1116162108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2624"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.65.465"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03627.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60034-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msm087"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00638-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/647988"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2009.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0805011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00012-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00161-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00325-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-208"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1207564"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/522154"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2006.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.8.2435-2441.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2011.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.8.2418-2423.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-89"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00241-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M806944200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35002615"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)90616-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1193225"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2010.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00059-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-7-257"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2012.1792"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bse0500161"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1994.1019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1074045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04729.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/507115"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M608615200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-164"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/427997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01413-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1211205110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01156-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61301-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26818-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05540-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb947"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/drup.2000.0157"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2006.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00121-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020212"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.72.410","article-title":"Decreased prevalence of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter 76T marker associated with cessation of chloroquine use against P. falciparum malaria in Hainan, People's Republic of China","volume":"72","author":"Wang X.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2012.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01636-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01868-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_124_1","volume-title":"Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-8-105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60236-0"}],"container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmmi.12349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mmi.12349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T16:18:06Z","timestamp":1696177086000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/mmi.12349"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]]},"references-count":125,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/mmi.12349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mmi.12349","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-382X","1365-2958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-382X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]]}}}