{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:06:09Z","timestamp":1791295569772,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,27]],"date-time":"2013-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Strains of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>seudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content>) isolated from the airways of cystic fibrosis patients constitutively add palmitate to lipid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>, the membrane anchor of lipopolysaccharide. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PhoPQ<\/jats:styled-content> regulated enzyme <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PagP<\/jats:styled-content> is responsible for the transfer of palmitate from outer membrane phospholipids to lipid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>. This enzyme had previously been identified in many pathogenic Gram\u2010negative bacteria, but in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content> had remained elusive, despite abundant evidence that its lipid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> contains palmitate. Using a combined genetic and biochemical approach, we identified <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content>1343 as the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content> gene encoding <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PagP<\/jats:styled-content>. Although <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content>1343 lacks obvious primary structural similarity with known <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PagP<\/jats:styled-content> enzymes, the \u03b2\u2010barrel tertiary structure with an interior hydrocarbon ruler appears to be conserved. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA PagP<\/jats:styled-content> transfers palmitate to the 3\u2032 position of lipid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>, in contrast to the 2 position seen with the enterobacterial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PagP<\/jats:styled-content>. Palmitoylated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content> lipid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> alters host innate immune responses, including increased resistance to some antimicrobial peptides and an elevated pro\u2010inflammatory response, consistent with the synthesis of a hexa\u2010acylated structure preferentially recognized by the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR4<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MD2<\/jats:styled-content> complex. Palmitoylation commonly confers resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides, however, increased cytokine production resulting in inflammation is not seen with other palmitoylated lipid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>, indicating a unique role for this modification in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PA<\/jats:styled-content> pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,6]],"date-time":"2013-11-06T10:36:51Z","timestamp":1383734211000},"page":"158-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["A divergent <i><scp>P<\/scp>seudomonas aeruginosa<\/i> palmitoyltransferase essential for cystic fibrosis\u2010specific lipid <scp>A<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Iyarit","family":"Thaipisuttikul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis University of Maryland, School of Dentistry University of Maryland  Baltimore MD 21201 USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  2 Prannok Road Bangkoknoi Bangkok 10700 Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren E.","family":"Hittle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis University of Maryland, School of Dentistry University of Maryland  Baltimore MD 21201 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis University of Maryland, School of Dentistry University of Maryland  Baltimore MD 21201 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Zangari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research McMaster University  Hamilton ON Canada L8S 4K1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charneal L.","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and the Michael G. 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