{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:01:58Z","timestamp":1791414118723,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,6]],"date-time":"2015-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004189","name":"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000011","name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000011","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37 AI-042347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37 AI-042347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diarrheal pathogen <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>ibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic> contains three gene clusters that encode chemotaxis\u2010related proteins, but only cluster <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> appears to be required for chemotaxis. Here, we present the first characterization of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009cholerae<\/jats:italic>'s \u2018cluster III\u2019 chemotaxis system. We found that cluster <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> proteins assemble into foci at bacterial poles, like those formed by cluster <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> proteins, but the two systems assemble independently and do not colocalize. Cluster <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> proteins are expressed <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> during stationary phase and in conjunction with growth arrest linked to carbon starvation. This expression, as well as expression <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> in suckling rabbits, is dependent upon <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RpoS<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009cholerae<\/jats:italic>'s <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAI<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 quorum sensing (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QS<\/jats:styled-content>) system is also required for cluster <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> expression in stationary phase and modulates its expression <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, but is not required for cluster <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> expression in response to carbon starvation. Surprisingly, even though the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAI<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QS<\/jats:styled-content> systems are thought to feed into the same signaling pathway, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AI<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 system inhibited cluster <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> gene expression, revealing that the outputs of the two <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QS<\/jats:styled-content> systems are not always the same. The distinctions between genetic determinants of cluster <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> expression <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> highlight the distinctive nature of the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,19]],"date-time":"2015-05-19T02:29:34Z","timestamp":1432002574000},"page":"660-675","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["<scp>RpoS<\/scp> and quorum sensing control expression and polar localization of <scp><i>V<\/i><\/scp><i>ibrio cholerae<\/i> chemotaxis cluster <scp>III<\/scp> proteins <i>in vitro<\/i> and <i>in vivo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Simon","family":"Ringgaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecophysiology Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology  Marburg 35043 Germany"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA 02115 USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology Harvard Medical School  Boston MA 02115 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Troy","family":"Hubbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA 02115 USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology Harvard Medical School  Boston MA 02115 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Mandlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA 02115 USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology Harvard Medical School  Boston MA 02115 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigid M.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA 02115 USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology Harvard Medical School  Boston MA 02115 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew K.","family":"Waldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA 02115 USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology Harvard Medical School  Boston MA 02115 USA"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston MA 02115 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