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During infection <jats:italic>A.\u00a0fumigatus<\/jats:italic> has to adapt to oxygen\u2010limiting conditions in inflammatory or necrotic tissue. Previously, we identified a mitochondrial protein to be highly up\u2010regulated during hypoxic adaptation. Here, this protein was found to represent the novel oxidoreductase HorA. In <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/jats:italic> a homologue was shown to play a role in biosynthesis of coenzyme Q. Consistently, reduced coenzyme Q content in the generated \u0394<jats:italic>horA<\/jats:italic> mutant indicated a respective function in <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>. Since coenzyme Q is involved in cellular respiration and maintaining cellular redox homeostasis, the strain \u0394<jats:italic>horA<\/jats:italic> displayed an impaired response to both oxidative and reductive stress, a delay in germination and an accumulation of NADH. Moreover, an increased resistance against antifungal drugs was observed. All phenotypes were completely reversed by the addition of the synthetic electron carrier menadione. The deletion strain \u0394<jats:italic>horA<\/jats:italic> showed significantly attenuated virulence in two murine infection models of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Therefore, the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q and, particularly, the fungal\u2010specific protein HorA play a crucial role in virulence of <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>. Due to its absence in mammals, HorA might represent a novel therapeutic target against fungal infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,19]],"date-time":"2016-03-19T07:06:42Z","timestamp":1458371202000},"page":"92-108","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The hypoxia\u2010induced dehydrogenase HorA is required for coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis, azole sensitivity and virulence of <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Kristin","family":"Kroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology \u2013 Hans Kn\u00f6ll Institute (HKI) Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Shekhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology Leibniz Institute for 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