{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T13:21:20Z","timestamp":1770816080965,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,24]],"date-time":"2018-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535068800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":350,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]],"date-time":"2017-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GM056550"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM056550"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GM084998"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM084998"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI065853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI065853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI099704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI099704"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI110028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI110028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI125534"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI125534"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000152","name":"Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MCB\u20101157506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCB\u20101157506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000152","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lipoate is an essential cofactor for enzymes that are important for central metabolism and other processes. In malaria parasites, scavenged lipoate from the human host is required for survival. The <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> mitochondrion contains two enzymes (<jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>LipL1 and <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>LipL2) that are responsible for activating mitochondrial proteins through the covalent attachment of lipoate (lipoylation). Lipoylation occurs via a novel redox\u2010gated mechanism that remains poorly understood. We show that <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>LipL1 functions as a redox switch that determines which downstream proteins will be activated. Based on the lipoate redox state, <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>LipL1 either functions as a canonical lipoate ligase or as a lipoate activating enzyme which works in conjunction with <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>LipL2. We demonstrate that <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>LipL2 is a lipoyltransferase and is a member of a novel clade of lipoate attachment enzymes. We show that a LipL2 enzyme from <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> has similar activity, demonstrating conservation between intracellular pathogens from different phylogenetic kingdoms and supporting the hypothesis that an early ancestor of malaria parasites once contained a chlamydial endosymbiont. Redox\u2010dependent lipoylation may regulate processes such as central metabolism and oxidative defense pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]],"date-time":"2017-08-24T12:49:17Z","timestamp":1503578957000},"page":"439-451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A novel lipoate attachment enzyme is shared by Plasmodium and Chlamydia species"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Gustavo A.","family":"Afanador","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfredo J.","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell P.","family":"Swift","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan E.","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bartee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krista A.","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Sch\u00f6n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caren L.","family":"Freel Meyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9684-1733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean T.","family":"Prigge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12753"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi400945y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05592.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp941"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1067798"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1033.2003.03470.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo00008a014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi101215f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.273607"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.503557"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6750-10-73"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001169"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2011.01729.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1108322"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.2006.00060.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-5-113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp985"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1078599"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2007.05.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.078717"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)89432-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M101748200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M505010200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/15.4.305"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0330977"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2007-8-6-r99"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-8-460"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.5823007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2004.04.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja211931f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04398.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.177.1.1-10.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-138"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444903008813"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04257.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2006.8.1227"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2016.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-37"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004263"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60484-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00717-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)70382-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2005.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2010.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00008-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006094"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","first-page":"3480","article-title":"Lipoic acid metabolism of plasmodium \u2010 a suitable drug target","volume":"18","author":"Storm J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","article-title":"Multiple sequence alignment using ClustalW and ClustalX","author":"Thompson J.D.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Bioinformatics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04112.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-40"}],"container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fmmi.13776","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mmi.13776","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/mmi.13776","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1111\/mmi.13776","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mmi.13776","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T14:21:55Z","timestamp":1695997315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/mmi.13776"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/mmi.13776"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mmi.13776","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-382X","1365-2958"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-382X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2958","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,8]]}}}