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The secretion conduit of injectisomes is formed by a helical assembly of three hydrophobic proteins (SctR, SctS and SctT), an inner rod (SctI) and a needle filament (SctF). SctI is thought to play a role in switching between the secretion of different substrate classes and assembly of the inner rod has been implicated in regulating the length of the needle filament. While high\u2010resolution structures of the hydrophobic components and of the needle filament have been solved, little is known about the structure and the assembly of the inner rod, which impedes the deeper assessment of its function. Here we show by exhaustive <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> photocrosslinking that SctI engages in extensive interactions with SctR and SctT throughout its entire length. Our data imply that the inner rod serves as an adapter between the export apparatus and the needle filament by forming one helical turn. We show that assembly of the inner rod does not play a role in needle length control nor in substrate specificity switching. Instead, our findings imply that inner rod assembly must precede assembly of the needle filament.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.14327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T19:04:57Z","timestamp":1560193497000},"page":"918-931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The inner rod of virulence\u2010associated type III secretion systems constitutes a needle adapter of one helical turn that is deeply integrated into the system's export apparatus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Claudia E.","family":"Torres\u2010Vargas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine (IMIT) University of T\u00fcbingen Elfriede\u2010Aulhorn\u2010Str. 6 T\u00fcbingen 72076 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thales","family":"Kronenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine VIII University Hospital T\u00fcbingen Otfried\u2010M\u00fcller\u2010Str. 14 T\u00fcbingen 72076 Germany"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Eastern Finland P.O. Box 1627 Kuopio 70211 Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Roos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine (IMIT) University of T\u00fcbingen Elfriede\u2010Aulhorn\u2010Str. 6 T\u00fcbingen 72076 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Dietsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine (IMIT) University of T\u00fcbingen Elfriede\u2010Aulhorn\u2010Str. 6 T\u00fcbingen 72076 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Poso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine VIII University Hospital T\u00fcbingen Otfried\u2010M\u00fcller\u2010Str. 14 T\u00fcbingen 72076 Germany"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy University of Eastern Finland P.O. Box 1627 Kuopio 70211 Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1808-3556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine (IMIT) University of T\u00fcbingen Elfriede\u2010Aulhorn\u2010Str. 6 T\u00fcbingen 72076 Germany"},{"name":"Partner\u2010Site T\u00fcbingen German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) Elfriede\u2010Aulhorn\u2010Str. 6 T\u00fcbingen 72076 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