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However, GSH can be exploited by bacteria as a signalling molecule for the regulation of virulence. We describe findings arising from a serendipitous observation that when GSH and <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> were incubated with 5\u2032fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR)\u2010synchronised populations of <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/jats:italic>, the nematodes underwent rapid death. Death was mediated by the production of hydrogen sulphide mainly through the action of <jats:italic>tnaA<\/jats:italic>, a tryptophanase\u2010encoding gene in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>. Other Enterobacteriaceae species possess similar cysteine desulfhydrases that can catabolise <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010cysteine\u2010containing compounds to hydrogen sulphide and mediate nematode killing when worms had been pre\u2010treated with FUdR. When colonic epithelial cell lines were infected, hydrogen sulphide produced by these bacteria in the presence of GSH was also able to inhibit ATP synthesis in these cells particularly when cells had been treated with FUdR. Therefore, bacterial production of hydrogen sulphide could act in concert with a commonly used genotoxic cancer drug to exert host cell impairment. Hydrogen sulphide also increases bacterial adhesion to the intestinal cells. These findings could have implications for patients undergoing chemotherapy using FUdR analogues that could result in intestinal damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.14893","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,13]],"date-time":"2022-03-13T12:13:25Z","timestamp":1647173605000},"page":"1089-1103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Glutathione catabolism by <i>Enterobacteriaceae<\/i> species to hydrogen sulphide adversely affects the viability of host systems in the presence of 5\u2032fluorodeoxyuridine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Daniel Rui Xiang","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore 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