{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T07:59:28Z","timestamp":1775375968250,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Project ME 2675\/7\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project ME 2675\/7\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SPP2225"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPP2225"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Apicomplexans, such as <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> are obligate intracellular parasites that invade, replicate and finally EXIT their host cell. During replication within a parasitophorous vacuole (PV), the parasites establish an extensive F\u2010actin\u2010containing network that connects individual parasites and is required for material exchange, recycling and the final steps of daughter cell assembly. After multiple rounds of replication, the parasites exit the host cell involving multiple signalling cascades, disassembly of the network, secretion of microneme proteins and activation of the acto\u2010myosin motor. Blocking the host cell EXIT process leads to the formation of large PVs, making the screening for genes involved in exiting the cell relatively straightforward. Given that apicomplexans are highly diverse from other eukaryotes, approximately 30% of all genes are annotated as hypothetical, some apicomplexan\u2010specific factors are likely to be critical during EXIT. This motivated several labs to design and perform forward genetic and phenotypic screens using various approaches, such as random insertion mutagenesis, temperature\u2010sensitive mutants and, more recently, CRISPR\/Cas9\u2010mediated targeted editing and conditional mutagenesis. Here we will provide an overview of the technological developments over recent years and the most successful stories that led to the identification of new critical factors in <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.15166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T04:53:40Z","timestamp":1695444820000},"page":"359-367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Where is the <scp>EXIT<\/scp>? Phenotypic screens for new egress factors in apicomplexan parasites"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2695-0947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Jimen\u00e9z\u2010Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t, LMU  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010Universit\u00e4t, LMU  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5341-5969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Meissner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Parasitology, Department of 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