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There is an urgent need for new therapeutics that act via alternative mechanisms. Autophagy, a vital cell\u2010autonomous defense process, allows macrophages to degrade intracellular pathogens such as Mtb and has gained attention as a potential target for host\u2010directed therapy. In this study, we conducted a high\u2010content imaging screen of herb\u2010derived compounds to identify autophagy inducers in RAW264.7 macrophages. Panduratin A (NPA), a natural compound from\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Boesenbergia rotunda<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , was found to potently induce autophagy. NPA promoted autophagic vacuole formation in a dose\u2010dependent fashion at low micromolar levels. Its autophagy\u2010inducing effect was validated using RFP\u2010GFP\u2010LC3 dual fluorescence assays and immunoblotting in the presence of bafilomycin A1. Further mechanistic analysis revealed that NPA activates autophagy through AMPK activation, independent of mTOR inhibition. Importantly, NPA significantly promoted intracellular Mtb clearance and increased colocalization of Mtb with autophagosomes and lysosomes, in a manner dependent on Beclin\u20101. These findings highlight NPA as a potent enhancer of macrophage antimicrobial responses via autophagy, supporting its potential as a candidate for host\u2010directed adjunctive therapy against TB.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.70025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T10:01:35Z","timestamp":1758880895000},"page":"491-506","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Panduratin A Induces Autophagy Through\n                    <scp>AMPK<\/scp>\n                    Activation Independent of\n                    <scp>mTOR<\/scp>\n                    Inhibition and Restricts\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    in Host Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"Thomanai","family":"Lamtha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olabisi Flora","family":"Davies\u2010Bolorunduro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Pornchai Matangkasombut Center for Microbial Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Floret Center for Advanced Genomics and Bioinformatics Research  Lagos Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sureeporn","family":"Phlaetita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Mahidol University  Bangkok 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