{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:16:20Z","timestamp":1790745380661,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,27]],"date-time":"2017-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bsppjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Plant Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chloroplasts can act as key players in the perception and acclimatization of plants to incoming environmental signals. A growing body of evidence indicates that chloroplasts play a critical role in plant immunity. Chloroplast function can be regulated by the nucleotides guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate [(p)ppGpp]. In plants, (p)ppGpp levels increase in response to abiotic stress and to plant hormones which are involved in abiotic and biotic stress signalling. In this study, we analysed the transcriptome of Arabidopsis plants that over\u2010accumulate (p)ppGpp, and unexpectedly found a decrease in the levels of a broad range of transcripts for plant defence and immunity. To determine whether (p)ppGpp is involved in the modulation of plant immunity, we analysed the susceptibility of plants with different levels of (p)ppGpp to\n                    <jats:italic>Turnip mosaic virus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (TuMV) carrying a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter. We found that (p)ppGpp accumulation was associated with increased susceptibility to TuMV and reduced levels of the defence hormone salicylic acid (SA). In contrast, plants with lower (p)ppGpp levels showed reduced susceptibility to TuMV, and this was associated with the precocious up\u2010regulation of defence\u2010related genes and increased SA content. We have therefore demonstrated a new link between (p)ppGpp metabolism and plant immunity in Arabidopsis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,21]],"date-time":"2017-02-21T11:35:54Z","timestamp":1487676954000},"page":"634-646","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Guanosine tetraphosphate modulates salicylic acid signalling and the resistance of\n                    <i>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/i>\n                    to\n                    <i>Turnip mosaic virus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Hela","family":"Abdelkefi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Immunology and Biotechnology University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Elmanar Tunis  Tunisia"},{"name":"CEA, CNRS, Laboratoire de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et Biophysique des Plantes, UMR 7265, Biologie V\u00e9g\u00e9tal et Microbiologie Environnemental, Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute of Aix\u2010Marseille Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9 Marseille 13009 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Sugliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEA, CNRS, Laboratoire de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et Biophysique des Plantes, UMR 7265, Biologie V\u00e9g\u00e9tal et Microbiologie Environnemental, Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute of Aix\u2010Marseille Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9 Marseille 13009 France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEA, CNRS, Laboratoire de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique et Biophysique des Plantes, UMR 7265, Biologie V\u00e9g\u00e9tal et Microbiologie Environnemental, Bioscience and Biotechnology Institute of Aix\u2010Marseille Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9 Marseille 13009 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