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The non\u2010host plant Arabidopsis serves as a powerful system for the dissection of mechanisms of resistance to\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>amylovora<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Although not yet known to mount gene\u2010for\u2010gene resistance to\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>amylovora<\/jats:italic>\n                    , we found that Arabidopsis activated strong defence signalling mediated by salicylic acid (SA), with kinetics and amplitude similar to that induced by the recognition of the bacterial effector avrRpm1 by the resistance protein RPM1. Genetic analysis further revealed that SA signalling, but not signalling mediated by ethylene (ET) and jasmonic acid (JA), is required for\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>amylovora<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistance.\n                    <jats:italic>Erwinia amylovora<\/jats:italic>\n                    induces massive callose deposition on infected leaves, which is independent of SA, ET and JA signalling and is necessary for\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>amylovora<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistance in Arabidopsis. We also observed tumour\u2010like growths on\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>amylovora\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                    infected Arabidopsis leaves, which contain enlarged mesophyll cells with increased DNA content and are probably a result of endoreplication. The formation of such growths is largely independent of SA signalling and some\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>amylovora<\/jats:italic>\n                    effectors. Together, our data reveal signalling requirements for\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>amylovora<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010induced disease resistance, callose deposition and cell fate change in the non\u2010host plant Arabidopsis. Knowledge from this study could facilitate a better understanding of the mechanisms of host defence against\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>amylovora<\/jats:italic>\n                    and eventually improve host resistance to the pathogen.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,29]],"date-time":"2017-07-29T22:28:36Z","timestamp":1501367316000},"page":"1090-1103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Signalling requirements for\n                    <i>Erwinia amylovora<\/i>\n                    \u2010induced disease resistance, callose deposition and cell growth in the non\u2010host\n                    <i>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Safae","family":"Hamdoun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore, MD 21250 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore, MD 21250 USA"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A &amp; F University Yangling 712100 Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manroop","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore, MD 21250 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