{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:40:59Z","timestamp":1792795259070,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD2301002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD2301002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bsppjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Plant Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Apple Valsa canker is one of the major fungal diseases adversely affecting the apple industry. Valine\u2010glutamine motif\u2010containing proteins (VQs) are a kind of plant transcription regulation cofactor, which are involved in regulating the growth and development of plants and their defence responses. Yet little is known about the role of VQs in the biotic stress response of woody plants, especially in apple trees. Recently, we identified MdVQ37 as a negative regulator of apple resistance to Glomerella leaf spot by inhibiting MdWRKY100\u2010mediated salicylic acid (SA) accumulation via protein interaction. Here we found that\n                    <jats:italic>MdVQ37<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression was induced significantly by\n                    <jats:italic>Valsa mali<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Overexpressing\n                    <jats:italic>MdVQ37<\/jats:italic>\n                    in apple increased its susceptibility to\n                    <jats:italic>V. mali<\/jats:italic>\n                    , accompanied by a reduction in H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    accumulation along with the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), chitinase and \u03b2\u20101,3\u2010glucanase. Meanwhile,\n                    <jats:italic>MdVQ37<\/jats:italic>\n                    overexpression increased the expression of two SA catabolic genes,\n                    <jats:italic>MdS5H1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>MdS5H2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , resulting in a greater accumulation of the SA metabolite 2,5\u2010dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5\u2010DHBA), but a decreased SA content and less signalling in transgenic plants.\n                    <jats:italic>MdPER3<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a peroxidase\u2010encoding gene, was identified as a direct target of MdWRKY100. Analysis of transcriptional regulation activity showed that MdVQ37 inhibited the binding and transcriptional ability of MdWRKY100 on the\n                    <jats:italic>MdPER3<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter, thereby reducing antioxidant enzyme activity and weakening the Valsa canker resistance. Overall, our results show that\n                    <jats:italic>MdVQ37<\/jats:italic>\n                    negatively regulates apple defence against\n                    <jats:italic>V. mali<\/jats:italic>\n                    through both SA\u2010dependent and SA\u2010independent pathways. Our findings provide novel insight into the mechanisms by which the VQ\u2013WRKY complex modulates plant defence responses against pathogens.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.70064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T00:25:13Z","timestamp":1739924713000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<scp>MdVQ37<\/scp>\n                    Negatively Regulates Apple Resistance to Valsa Canker via\n                    <scp>SA<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Dependent and\n                    <scp>SA<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Independent Pathways"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Dingyue","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High\u2010Efficiency Production\/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture Northwest A &amp; F University  Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqian","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High\u2010Efficiency Production\/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture Northwest A &amp; F University  Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingrui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High\u2010Efficiency Production\/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture Northwest A &amp; F University  Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High\u2010Efficiency Production\/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture Northwest A &amp; F University  Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinglong","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry Hebei Agricultural University  Baoding China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High\u2010Efficiency Production\/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture Northwest A &amp; F University  Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3890-2125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fengwang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High\u2010Efficiency Production\/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture Northwest A &amp; F University  Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High\u2010Efficiency Production\/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture Northwest A &amp; F University  Yangling Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.18.00715"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600737"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141701"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.90.1.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2006.02837.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2016.02.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.12664"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.112.196816"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.111.093039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2022.111077"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.14351"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41438-021-00655-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/tpab098"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhae159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2023.105400"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.17.10328"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/psb.6.10.16759"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2014.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.phyto.43.040204.135923"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2013.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiac275"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-4733-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.16.00747"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.15.00788"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.13218"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.12.5.677"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"Histological and Cytological Investigations of the Infection and Colonization of Apple Bark by Valsa mali var. mali","volume":"42","author":"Ke X. 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