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The mechanisms underlying how\n V. dahliae<\/jats:italic>\n uses secretory proteins to manipulate plant physiological processes and suppress immunity in cotton plants have received renewed research focus over the past several years. Here, we describe the role of a secretory protein named VdSAP (secretory aspartyl protease) from the defoliating\n V. dahliae<\/jats:italic>\n strain XJ592 in virulence and defoliation. Deletion of\n VdSAP<\/jats:italic>\n in strain XJ592 led to significantly reduced virulence and cotton plant defoliation. VdSAP functioned as a protease that targeted cotton plant GhARP (auxin\u2010repressed protein), and VdSAP negatively regulated GhARP content in plants. Transient expression of GhARP in\n Nicotiana benthamiana<\/jats:italic>\n enhanced the expression of plant defence signals and inhibited plant abscission signals. Furthermore, GhARP negatively regulated the ethylene (ET) signal and positively regulated the salicylic acid (SA) signal. In addition, GhARP interacted with 1\u2010aminocyclopropane carboxylate oxidases (GhACOs), suggesting that it might function through the ET signal during\n V. dahliae\u2013<\/jats:italic>\n cotton plant interactions. These results suggest that GhARP is a molecular link between plant defence and abscission signals, and that VdSAP decreases accumulation of GhARP and enhances the virulence and defoliation caused by\n V. dahliae<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.70085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T05:43:13Z","timestamp":1745818993000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Verticillium dahliae<\/i>\n Secretory Aspartyl Protease\n VdSAP<\/scp>\n Targets Cotton\n GhARP<\/scp>\n to Modulate Plant Defence and Defoliation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8898-431X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High\u2010Efficiency Production, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi China"},{"name":"Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Gai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pest and Pathogen Ecology, NIAB East Malling West Malling UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High\u2010Efficiency Production, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest 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