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To explore the potential roles of virus\u2010induced lipids, we employed an economically important plant pathogen cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), which has a single\u2010stranded, positive\u2010sense, tripartite RNA genome replicating in host tonoplasts. Lipidomic analysis of purified tonoplasts revealed that CMV infection increased the relative accumulation of sphingolipids in tonoplasts. This is consistent with the increased expression levels of these enzymes involved in sphingolipid biosynthesis, particularly 3\u2010ketosphinganine reductase (\n                    <jats:italic>TSC10<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Virus\u2010induced silencing of\n                    <jats:italic>Nb\u2010TSC10<\/jats:italic>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic>Nicotiana benthamiana<\/jats:italic>\n                    impaired CMV replication by triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR). Furthermore, we found that salicylic acid (SA) serves as a central regulator of UPR\u2010mediated antiviral immunity. Notably, a specific sphingolipid, ceramide, was found to alleviate the UPR, suggesting an important role for sphingolipids during CMV infection: CMV subverts SA\u2010induced immunity by rewiring sphingolipid biosynthesis to inhibit the UPR\u2010mediated defence. This work advances mechanistic understanding of viral counterdefence strategies through sphingolipid\u2010mediated modulation of UPR during plant\u2013pathogen interactions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.70353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:41:37Z","timestamp":1790394097000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cucumber Mosaic Virus Promotes Sphingolipid Biosynthesis to Alleviate Host Unfolded Protein Response (\n                    <scp>UPR<\/scp>\n                    )\u2010Mediated Immunity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and Medicine Zhejiang Sci\u2010Tech University  Hangzhou 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