{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T12:08:14Z","timestamp":1791806894824,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]],"date-time":"2013-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Culex (Culex) pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Diptera: Culicidae) has two recognized biotypes,\n                    <jats:italic>pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>molestus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which differ in physiology and behaviour; this difference may influence vectorial capacity for West Nile virus (WNV). Our goal was first to determine the presence of\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u2009pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    populations in 31 locations in Portugal and to subsequently analyse their host\u2010feeding preferences and habitat determinants. Molecular identification of\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u2009pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    forms and their hybrids was performed in 97 females; bloodmeal sources were identified in 59 engorged specimens. Overall, 61.9% of specimens were identified as\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u2009pipiens f. pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    , 20.6% as\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u2009pipiens f. molestus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and 17.5% as hybrid forms.\n                    <jats:italic>Culex pipiens f. pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    fed preferentially on birds, and\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u2009pipiens f. molestus<\/jats:italic>\n                    on humans. Hybrid forms fed mostly on birds, but human bloodmeals were common. With reference to habitat,\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u2009pipiens f. pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    and hybrid forms were positively correlated with peri\u2010urban habitats. Our results confirm the sympatric presence of different\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u2009pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    biotypes in 14 of the 31 locations studied. Peri\u2010urban areas were a common habitat of all biotypes and may represent zones of hybridization. The feeding preferences and sympatric distribution of the\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u2009pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    biotypes observed in Portugal favour the epizootic circulation of WNV and the occurrence of disease outbreaks of WNV.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]],"date-time":"2013-06-21T05:45:02Z","timestamp":1371793502000},"page":"103-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Sympatric occurrence of\n                    <i>Culex pipiens<\/i>\n                    (\n                    <scp>D<\/scp>\n                    iptera,\n                    <scp>C<\/scp>\n                    ulicidae) biotypes\n                    <i>pipiens<\/i>\n                    ,\n                    <i>molestus<\/i>\n                    and their hybrids in\n                    <scp>P<\/scp>\n                    ortugal,\n                    <scp>W<\/scp>\n                    estern\n                    <scp>E<\/scp>\n                    urope: feeding patterns and habitat determinants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"H. C.","family":"OS\u00d3RIO","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research Dr. Francisco Cambournac National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge \u00c1guas de Moura Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Z\u00c9\u2010Z\u00c9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research Dr. Francisco Cambournac National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge \u00c1guas de Moura Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"AMARO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research Dr. Francisco Cambournac National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge \u00c1guas de Moura Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"NUNES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental Biology University of Lisbon Lisboa Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. J.","family":"ALVES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research Dr. Francisco Cambournac National Health Institute Dr. Ricardo Jorge \u00c1guas de Moura Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.2.0750251"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2540.1999.00412.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0016672300034492"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/34.5.532"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"Croissant Y.(2012)mlogit: multinomial logit model. 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