{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:13:06Z","timestamp":1791389586809,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Understanding the processes of reproductive behaviour in mosquitoes is crucial for improving mating competitiveness and mating specificity for sterile insect release programmes. The\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Culex pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    (Linneaus) (Diptera: Culicidae) forms\n                    <jats:italic>pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>molestus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Forsk\u00e5l), two biotypes of the\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u00a0pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    complex, are vectors for West Nile virus, St Louis encephalitis virus and lymphatic filariases. Hybridization of these biotypes is known to occur in nature, although form\n                    <jats:italic>pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    mates above ground in large spaces (eurygamy) and form\n                    <jats:italic>molestus<\/jats:italic>\n                    preferentially mates in small spaces (stenogamy) such as sewage tunnels. Hybridization may allow gene flow of biotype\u2010specific characteristics that are crucial in the disease transmission cycle. The present study examined and compared mating behaviours, insemination rates, fecundity and fertility in parental and F1 hybrids between\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Cx.\u00a0pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    f.\n                    <jats:italic>pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u00a0pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    f.\n                    <jats:italic>molestus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in conditions of stenogamy. Unique mating behaviour sequences were identified in\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u00a0pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    f.\n                    <jats:italic>molestus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , including tapping, mounting, co\u2010flying and copulation. Despite the considerably high insemination rates in hybrid crosses, fertility and fecundity rates were varied. This observation could suggest reproductive isolation in the hybrid zone. The study also documents a failure of heterospecific males to produce fertile eggs in\n                    <jats:italic>Cx.\u00a0pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    f.\n                    <jats:italic>pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    females, which may be attributable to gametic incompatibilities and may represent an additional barrier to gene exchange.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T06:10:52Z","timestamp":1527833452000},"page":"427-435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Comparative studies of stenogamous behaviour in the mosquito\n                    <i>Culex pipiens<\/i>\n                    complex"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Baylor University  Waco TX 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