{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T21:33:12Z","timestamp":1792877592452,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004396","name":"Thailand Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MRG6180023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRG6180023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chiggers are recognized as vectors of scrub typhus disease caused by the bacteria,\n                    <jats:italic>Orientia tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The risk of disease exposure is mainly related to chigger bites when humans or animals roam into vector\u2010infested habitats. In big cities, urban public parks could provide areas for the animal\u2013human interface and zoonotic pathogen transmission. The ecology and epidemiology of urban scrub typhus are still poorly understood in Thailand. Small mammals were trapped and examined for chigger infestation in urban public parks across metropolitan Bangkok, Thailand. We found a high prevalence of infestation (76.8%) with surprisingly low diversity. Two chigger species,\n                    <jats:italic>Leptotrombidium deliense<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Ascoschoengastia indica<\/jats:italic>\n                    , were identified using morphological characteristics and molecular confirmation. The generalized linear model identified host intrinsic variables (i.e. body mass index) with host density, habitat composition and open field as the extrinsic factors explaining the abundance of chigger infestation. The bacteria\n                    <jats:italic>O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n                    was not detected in chiggers (90 chigger\u2010pooled samples) and animal host tissues (164 spleen samples). However, the existence of chigger vectors calls for the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration and public health authorities to develop a comprehensive scrub typhus monitoring and prevention strategy in the parks and nearby communities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T21:37:16Z","timestamp":1621633036000},"page":"534-546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["High prevalence and low diversity of chigger infestation in small mammals found in\n                    <scp>Bangkok Metropolitan<\/scp>\n                    parks"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"S. A.","family":"Wulandhari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Paladsing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Saesim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment Department Bangkok Metropolitan Administration  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Charoennitiwat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Sonthayanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Kumlert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vector\u2010Borne Diseases, Department of Disease Control Ministry of Public Health  Nonthaburi Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Morand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"CNRS\u2010CIRAD, Faculty of Veterinary Technology Kasetsart University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sumruayphol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6795-3541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Chaisiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2609.200918"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"220","volume-title":"Field Methods for Rodent Studies in Asia and the Indo\u2010Pacific","author":"Aplin K.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"389","volume-title":"Studies in Disease Ecology","author":"Audy J.R.","year":"1961"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"488","volume-title":"Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: a Practical Information\u2010Theoretic Approach","author":"Burnham K.P.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjv244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed2040053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42523\u2010019\u20100019\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.IJD_388_17","article-title":"Scrub typhus: an emerging threat","volume":"62","author":"Chakraborty S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Dermatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.69.519"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","volume-title":"R: a Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"Core Team R.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"200","article-title":"Chigger (Acarina: Trombiculidae) surveys of the west coast beaches of Sabah and Sarawak","volume":"8","author":"Dohany A.L.","year":"1977","journal-title":"The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071\u2010019\u20103751\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"539","volume-title":"Studies on the Trombiculid Mite Fauna of India","author":"Fernandes S.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/ap-2015-0073"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014-3820.2002.tb00191.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/36.4.449"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"46","volume-title":"Protocols for Field and Laboratory Rodent Studies","author":"Herbreteau V.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01526-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2004.70.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/596576"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.955"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy096"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193163"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1221-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","volume-title":"A checklist of the trombiculid mites of Thailand (Prostigmata: Trombiculidae)","author":"Lakshana P.","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2018.56.4.313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0199385"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01124-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182020000748"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1339-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2015.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","first-page":"67","volume-title":"A Pictorial Key to the Subfamilies, Genera and Subgenera of Southeast Asian Chiggers (Acari, Prostigmata, Trombiculidae)","author":"Nadchatram M.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-10-184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-020-06897-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003814"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189987"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1905.121445"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2402.171172"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113193"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2000)086[0228:QPISOH]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","volume-title":"An Overview of Tropical Diseases","author":"Santib\u00e1\u00f1ez P.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02254.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.3728.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1994.51.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0393"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006632"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008233"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/1568539X-00003233"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","first-page":"513","article-title":"A city park as a potential epidemic site of scrub typhus: a case\u2013control study of an outbreak in Guangzhou, China","volume":"7","author":"Wei Y.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40794\u2010018\u20100070\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","first-page":"1042","article-title":"Scrub typhus in Japan","volume":"2","author":"Yoshimoto T.","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002493"}],"container-title":["Medical and Veterinary Entomology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mve.12531","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/mve.12531","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/mve.12531","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T16:30:52Z","timestamp":1762273852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/mve.12531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/mve.12531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mve.12531","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-283X","1365-2915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-283X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2915","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}