{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T22:11:46Z","timestamp":1792534306473,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016270","name":"Global Challenges Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sleeping sickness is still prevalent in Campo, southern Cameroon, despite the efforts of World Health Organization and the National Control Programme in screening and treating cases. Reducing disease incidence still further may need the control of tsetse vectors. We update entomological and parasitological parameters necessary to guide tsetse control in Campo. Tsetse flies were trapped, their apparent densities were evaluated as the number of flies captured per trap per day and mapped using GIS tools. Polymerase chain reaction based methods were used to identify their trypanosome infection rates.\n                    <jats:italic>Glossina palpalis palpalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    was the dominant vector species representing 93.42% and 92.85% of flies captured respectively during the heavy and light dry seasons. This species presented high densities, that is, 3.87, 95% CI [3.84\u20133.91], and 2.51, 95% CI [2.49\u20132.53] flies\/trap\/day in the two seasons. Moreover, 16.79% (of 1054) and 20.23% (of 1132 flies) were found infected with at least 1 trypanosome species for the 2 seasons respectively,\n                    <jats:italic>Trypanosoma congolense<\/jats:italic>\n                    being the most prevalent species, and\n                    <jats:italic>Trypanosoma<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>brucei gambiense<\/jats:italic>\n                    identified in 4 samples. Tsetse flies are abundant in Campo and present high trypanosome infection rates. The detection of tsetse infected with human trypanosomes near the newly created palm grove show workers' exposition. Tsetse densities maps built will guide vector control with \u2018Tiny Targets\u2019.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T08:21:49Z","timestamp":1653034909000},"page":"260-268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Environmental mutations in the Campo focus challenge elimination of sleeping sickness transmission in Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5847-758X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tito Tresor","family":"Melachio Tanekou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID)  Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science University of Bamenda  Bamenda Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calmes Ursain","family":"Bouaka Tsakeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID)  Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science University of Yaound\u00e9 I  Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inaki","family":"Tirados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve J.","family":"Torr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flobert","family":"Njiokou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science University of Yaound\u00e9 I  Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alphonse","family":"Acho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomose Humaine Africaine (PNLTHA) Ministry of Public Health  Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles Sinclair","family":"Wondji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID)  Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00164-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"477","article-title":"Trypanosomes of the domestic animals Nyasaland. 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