{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:45:30Z","timestamp":1792021530198,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSP\u20102021\/3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP\u20102021\/3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The current study was conducted to investigate the efficacy and stability of D\u2010limonene (DL) and its nanoemulsion (DLN) against pigeon feather lice (\n                    <jats:italic>Columbicola columbae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and their mode of action. DL pure form and DLN were prepared and characterized freshly and after storage for 50\u2009days. In vitro bioassay on live lice was conducted with different concentrations of DL, DLN, and deltamethrin (DM). The results revealed significant mortality rates in the DL\u2010, DLN\u2010, DM\u2010treated groups when compared with the control (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The scanning electron micrographs of lice treated with DL and DLN revealed collapsed bodies with destruction in the cuticle of the mouthparts and damaged antennae. The 50\u2009days stored DLN showed stability in their effectiveness when compared with the freshly prepared formulation. DL and DLN caused significant inhibition (\n                    <jats:italic>p\u2009\u2264\u20090.05<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in acetylcholinesterase activity (AchE). Malondialdehyde level (MDA) was significantly increased while glutathione was significantly decreased in DL\u2010 and DLN\u2010treated lice. In conclusion, DL and DLN have significant lousicidal activities. DLN showed better stability than DL after storage for 50\u2009days. In addition, the mode of action of DL may associate with its effect on the cuticle of the lice body, inhibition of AchE, and increasing oxidative stress in the treated lice.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,31]],"date-time":"2022-08-31T08:04:47Z","timestamp":1661933087000},"page":"63-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["D\u2010limonene nanoemulsion: lousicidal activity, stability, and effect on the cuticle of\n                    <i>Columbicola columbae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3155-0668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sahar M.","family":"Gadelhaq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Minia University  Minia 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Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waleed M.","family":"Arafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Beni\u2010Suef University  Beni\u2010Suef Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2517-1848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samar M.","family":"Ibrahium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Animal Health Research Institute  Fayum Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saleh","family":"Al\u2010Quraishy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoology Department, College of Science King Saud University  Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed O.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine  St. Louis Missouri 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