{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T13:27:56Z","timestamp":1789219676711,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["resjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Vet Entomology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Surveillance and diagnostics are critical for the early detection, containment and eradication of exotic pests. For the screwworm fly, this is usually via targeted surveillance and exclusion testing of trap\u2010caught flies, as well as the identification of larvae associated with myiasis wounds. We present a specific and sensitive real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of the New World screwworm fly,\n                    <jats:italic>Cochliomyia hominivorax<\/jats:italic>\n                    Coquerel (Diptera: Calliphoridae). The assay targets the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (\n                    <jats:italic>cox1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) gene from adult flies or larvae and retains high analytical sensitivity when multiplexed with an existing assay for the Old World screwworm fly,\n                    <jats:italic>Chrysomya bezziana<\/jats:italic>\n                    Villeneuve (Diptera: Calliphoridae), achieving a limit of detection of less than 1 copy per microlitre of reaction. To assess its utility for surveillance and diagnostics, a novel non\u2010destructive DNA extraction method was performed on spiked trap catches of field\u2010caught flies, and on boiled and unboiled specimens of larval instars. The multiplexed assay detected 95% of spiked flies, and all screwworm flies from positive samples were retrieved and morphologically identified. Results from larval instars confirmed that the assay can be used for larvae, with higher sensitivity observed for unboiled larval instars. This molecular assay enables the simultaneous detection of\n                    <jats:italic>Co. hominivorax<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Ch. bezziana<\/jats:italic>\n                    , offering a reliable alternative to existing single\u2010target and destructive methods of bulk fly testing. It also holds potential for broader application in the identification of larval stages.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.70037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T06:42:13Z","timestamp":1764052933000},"page":"339-349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A novel real\u2010time\n                    <scp>PCR<\/scp>\n                    for New World screwworm fly (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Cochliomyia hominivorax<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    ) and its application in a non\u2010destructive multiplex for efficient detection of screwworm flies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1105-3741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke","family":"Driver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Sciences Laboratory Queensland Department of Primary Industries  Coopers Plains Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7865-0695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leanne","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Sciences Laboratory Queensland Department of Primary Industries  Coopers Plains Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8476-702X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Leo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Sciences Laboratory Queensland Department of Primary Industries  Coopers Plains Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0630-4067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verna","family":"Monsanto\u2010Hearne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Sciences Laboratory Queensland Department of Primary Industries  Coopers Plains Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8191-1941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Smyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Sciences Laboratory Queensland Department of Primary Industries  Coopers Plains Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8959-7310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Genge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Sciences Laboratory Queensland Department of Primary Industries  Coopers Plains Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8465-476X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Fresia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Mixta Pasteur + INIA (UMPI), Institut Pasteur de Montevideo  Montevideo Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3624-2437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anderson","family":"Saravia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plataforma de Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria (INIA)  Colonia Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4311-0907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Covacin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Sciences Laboratory Queensland Department of Primary Industries  Coopers Plains Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1103-9819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darren","family":"Underwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Sciences Laboratory Queensland Department of Primary Industries  Coopers Plains Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2003.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"A Manual for the Identification of Screw\u2010worm fly. Animal Health Australia","author":"AHA","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0491(97)00365-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aspen.2010.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"Driver L. Nelson L.J. Leo N. Monsanto\u2010Hearne V. Smyth A. Genge B.et al. (2025)A novel real\u2010time PCR for New World Screwworm Fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax) and its application in a non\u2010destructive multiplex for efficient detection of screwworm flies. Department of Primary Industries eResearch Archive. Available at:https:\/\/era.dpi.qld.gov.au\/id\/eprint\/15409\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Manual for the control of the screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax, Coquerel","author":"FAO","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(01)00538-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0281759"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects14070635"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"Haas N.A.(2019)The Effects Hot Water Kill Time has on DNA Degradation and STR Profiling from Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Crop Contents. Graduate Theses Dissertations and Problem Reports. 7417. Available at:https:\/\/researchrepository.wvu.edu\/etd\/7417"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2010.00867.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485300006635"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1993.tb00686.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2915.2001.00289.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aen.12419"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"Morgan J. Jarrett S. Wlodek B. Brown G. Urech R. Green P.et al. (2008)DNA based detection of Old World screw\u2010worm fly Chrysomya bezziana in bulk fly trap catches using real\u2010time PCR."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2014.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/ME14029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2014.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"Shreffler J.&Huecker M.R.(2023)Diagnostic testing accuracy: sensitivity specificity predictive values and likelihood ratios.Treasure Island FL:StatPearls."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15532"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","unstructured":"Spickler A.R.(2015)Screwworm Myiasis. 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